{"id":1360,"date":"2017-10-07T00:10:21","date_gmt":"2017-10-06T22:10:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/?p=1360"},"modified":"2023-03-17T15:12:11","modified_gmt":"2023-03-17T14:12:11","slug":"brazilie-prezident-zrusil-platnost-dekretu-ktery-oteviral-amazonii-tezarum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/2017\/10\/07\/brazilie-prezident-zrusil-platnost-dekretu-ktery-oteviral-amazonii-tezarum\/","title":{"rendered":"El presidente brasile\u00f1o cierra la Amazonia a los mineros"},"content":{"rendered":"

Po siln\u00fdch protestech \u0159ady organizac\u00ed, zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch se ochranou \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, a d\u00e1le n\u011bkter\u00fdch politik\u016f a um\u011blc\u016f, brazilsk\u00fd soud 30. srpna 2017 pozastavil platnost sporn\u00e9ho dekretu. [1] Av\u0161ak po dal\u0161\u00edm tlaku, byl prezident Michel Temer [2] donucen dekret zcela zru\u0161it. [3]<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Rozhodnut\u00ed bylo zve\u0159ejn\u011bno v \u00fater\u00fd 26. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2017 v \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm v\u011bstn\u00edku vl\u00e1dy. [4] Brazilsk\u00fd sen\u00e1tor za st\u00e1t Amap\u00e1 <\/span>Randolfe Rodrigues <\/b>[5] u\u017e v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed ozn\u00e1mil na sv\u00e9m Instagramu. [6]\u00a0<\/span><\/span>I kdy\u017e vl\u00e1da ustoupila tlaku ve\u0159ejnosti, nevylou\u010dila, \u017ee se v budoucnu ke sporn\u00e9mu dekretu vr\u00e1t\u00ed. Stejn\u011b tomu bylo i u n\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku Jamanxim [7] ve st\u00e1t\u011b Par\u00e1, kter\u00fd by byl ji\u017e zanikl, ale rozhodnut\u00ed bylo nakonec zru\u0161eno po tlaku ve\u0159ejnosti. Nov\u00fd projekt se v\u0161ak nakonec vr\u00e1til do parlamentu, nyn\u00ed s n\u00e1vrhy na je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0161krty v prostoru parku !<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
N\u00e1rodn\u00ed park Renca. Zdroj: Infografika WWF, BBC.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se brazilsk\u00fd prezident<\/span> nakonec rozhodl zm\u011bnit n\u00e1zor a ukon\u010dil spornou vyhl\u00e1\u0161ku ohledn\u011b parku Renca. Proti se postavily tak\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00ed kmeny Wajaper\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed v oblasti \u017eij\u00ed. [8] Vl\u00e1da se nejd\u0159\u00edve sna\u017eila situaci zm\u00edrnit a vydala nov\u00fd dekret se z\u00e1rukami, \u017ee tyto oblasti budou zachov\u00e1ny. Ale ani to nepomohlo. Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed bylo p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 siln\u00e9. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dokonce na festivalu Rock in Rio [9] se hr\u00e1lo proti ambic\u00edm vl\u00e1dy. N\u011bkolik um\u011blc\u016f p\u0159\u00edmo demonstrovalo proti z\u00e1niku Rency. Nap\u0159\u00edklad zp\u011bv\u00e1\u010dka <\/span>Alice Keys <\/b>p\u0159ivedla z\u00e1stupce domorodc\u016f na jevi\u0161t\u011b, aby spole\u010dn\u011b protestovali a nal\u00e9hali na sen\u00e1tory, aby pracovali na zru\u0161en\u00ed Temerovy vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Rezervace Renca vznikla v roce 1984 na konci vojensk\u00e9 diktatury. Rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 se ve dvou st\u00e1tech – Par\u00e1 a Amap\u00e1 a zab\u00edr\u00e1 obrovsk\u00fdch 46.619 kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch. [10]<\/span><\/p>\n

Od po\u010d\u00e1tku bylo ur\u010deno, \u017ee pouze st\u00e1tn\u00ed spole\u010dnost pro v\u00fdzkum nerostn\u00fdch surovin (CPRM), vlastn\u011bn\u00e1 Ministerstvem dol\u016f a energetiky, by mohla prov\u00e1d\u011bt geologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum s c\u00edlem zhodnotit v\u00fdskyt rud v oblasti. Zjistilo se, \u017ee oblast je velmi bohat\u00e1 na m\u011b\u010f. V praxi bylo ale provedeno jen m\u00e1lo v\u00fdzkum\u016f na zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed obchodn\u00edho potenci\u00e1lu. Naproti tomu chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 oblasti se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily. Polovina \u00fazem\u00ed ob\u00fdvan\u00fdch domorod\u00fdm kmenem Wajaper\u016f je pr\u00e1v\u011b v r\u00e1mci rezervace Renca.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle institutu pro produkci nerostn\u00fdch surovin (DNPM) Ministerstva dol\u016f a energetiky m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ze z\u00e1kona vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no pouze 25% ze 46.450 \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch kilometr\u016f rezervace. Tento p\u0159edpoklad ale neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 \u00fadaj\u016fm Institutu Imazon, [11] kter\u00fd odhaduje, \u017ee pouze 10,5% je vhodn\u00fdch pro hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Ve zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch oblastech se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 rezervace indi\u00e1n\u016f. <\/span><\/p>\n

Tento n\u00e1vrh je v\u0161ak neslu\u010diteln\u00fd s ochrann\u00fdm projektem, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 <\/span>Michel de Souza<\/b>, koordin\u00e1tor ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 politiky WWF Braz\u00edlie (Sv\u011btov\u00fd fond na ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody). [12] “<\/span>Pokud rezervaci otev\u0159ete, bude nevyhnuteln\u011b doch\u00e1zet k odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed, a to i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee budete dodr\u017eovat v\u0161echna pravidla pr\u016fzkumu nerostn\u00fdch surovin. Ot\u00e1zka toti\u017e zn\u00ed, jak je budete t\u011b\u017eit? Jak vybudujete silnice, kter\u00fdmi doprav\u00edte t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 stroje do lesa a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro t\u011b\u017ebu nerostn\u00fdch surovin?<\/span><\/i>” pt\u00e1 se.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Jen v Braz\u00edlii za posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolik desetilet\u00ed amazonsk\u00fd de\u0161tn\u00fd prales ztratil zhruba p\u011btinu p\u016fvodn\u00ed plochy. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, jako t\u0159eba Mato Grosso, do\u0161lo v d\u016fsledku zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti k obrovsk\u00e9mu odlesn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se zbrzdilo teprve v posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolika letech. V roce 2005 brazilsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da uvedla, \u017ee 48 procent odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed Amazonie, ke kter\u00e9mu do\u0161lo v letech 2003 a 2004, do\u0161lo pr\u00e1v\u011b v Mato Grosso. [13]<\/span><\/p>\n

Braz\u00edlie v \u010dervenci 2017 ozn\u00e1mila pl\u00e1n revitalizace sv\u00e9ho t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edho sektoru a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed jeho pod\u00edlu na ekonomice ze 4% na 6%. Pr\u016fmysl zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1 200 000 lid\u00ed v zemi, kde je rekordn\u00edch 14 milion\u016f lid\u00ed bez pr\u00e1ce. [14] Proto s klesaj\u00edc\u00ed ekonomikou a pot\u0159ebou obnovit hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd r\u016fst se t\u00e9ma zru\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edch park\u016f pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b brzy vr\u00e1t\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zdroje:<\/span><\/p>\n

[1] Benitez, A., Juiz suspende ato de Temer que libera iniciativa privada a explorar \u00e1rea da Amaz\u00f4nia. 30.08.2017. elpais.com. Online: <\/span>https:\/\/brasil.elpais.com\/brasil\/2017\/08\/30\/politica\/1504105777_233176.html
\n<\/span><\/a><\/span>[2] Michel Temer, Wikipedia. Online: <\/span>https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Michel_Temer
\n<\/span><\/a><\/span>[3] Jimen\u00e9z, C., Renca: Temer revoga pol\u00eamico decreto que amea\u00e7a reservas da Amaz\u00f4nia. 26.09.2017. elpais.com. Online: <\/span>https:\/\/brasil.elpais.com\/brasil\/2017\/09\/25\/politica\/1506372008_097256.html
\n<\/span><\/a><\/span>[4] Imprensa Nacional. Casa Civil da Presid\u00e9ncia da Rep\u00fablica. Online: <\/span>http:\/\/portal.imprensanacional.gov.br
\n<\/span><\/a><\/span>[5] Randolfe Rodrigues. Wikipedia. Online: <\/span>https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Randolfe_Rodrigues
\n<\/span><\/a><\/span>[6] Randolfe Rodrigues. randolferodrigues. Instagram. 26.09.2017. Online: <\/span>https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/BZegqICnPgG\/
\n<\/span><\/a><\/span>[7] Jamanxim National Park. Wikipedia. Online: <\/span>https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jamanxim_National_Park
\n<\/span><\/a><\/span>[8] Jimen\u00e9z, C., <\/span>Povo Waj\u00e3pi, uma barreira ind\u00edgena contra a minera\u00e7\u00e3o na Amaz\u00f4nia.<\/span> 11.09.2017. elpais.com. Online: <\/span>https:\/\/brasil.elpais.com\/brasil\/2017\/09\/08\/politica\/1504900974_634992.html
\n<\/span><\/a><\/span>[9] Rock in Rio. Oficial webpage. Online: <\/span>http:\/\/rockinrio.com\/rio\/pt-BR
\n<\/span><\/a><\/span>[10] Garc\u00eda, B., The world protests as Amazon forests are opened to mining. 28.08.2017. theconversation.com. Online: <\/span>https:\/\/theconversation.com\/the-world-protests-as-amazon-forests-are-opened-to-mining-83034
\n<\/span><\/a><\/span>[11] Imazon Brasil. Online: <\/span>http:\/\/imazon.org.br\/?lang=en
\n<\/span><\/a><\/span>[12] Sv\u011btov\u00fd fond na ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody. Wikipedia. Online: <\/span>https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sv\u011btov\u00fd_fond_na_ochranu_p\u0159\u00edrody
\n<\/span><\/a><\/span>[13] Amazon Deforestation, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Earth observatory. NASA. 2006 Online: \u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=6811
\n<\/span><\/a><\/span>[14] Brasil suspende pol\u00e9mico decreto para realizar explotaci\u00f3n minera en la Amazon\u00eda. CNN. 1.09.2017. Online: <\/span>http:\/\/cnnespanol.cnn.com\/2017\/09\/01\/brasil-suspende-polemico-decreto-para-realizar-explotacion-minera-en-la-amazonia\/#0<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tras las fuertes protestas de varias organizaciones ecologistas, as\u00ed como de algunos pol\u00edticos y artistas, el tribunal brasile\u00f1o suspendi\u00f3 el pol\u00e9mico decreto el 30 de agosto de 2017. Sin embargo, tras nuevas presiones, el presidente Michel Temer se vio obligado a rescindir el decreto por completo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1367,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[31,70,5],"class_list":["post-1360","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekologie","tag-amazonie","tag-brazilie","tag-jizni-amerika"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.6","language":"es","enabled_languages":["cz","es"],"languages":{"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"es":{"title":true,"content":false,"excerpt":true}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1360","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1360"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1360\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4613,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1360\/revisions\/4613"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1367"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1360"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1360"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1360"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}