{"id":2689,"date":"2023-05-20T00:10:02","date_gmt":"2023-05-19T22:10:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/?p=2689"},"modified":"2023-03-20T10:47:54","modified_gmt":"2023-03-20T09:47:54","slug":"nejstarsi-slunecni-observator-zapadni-polokoule","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/2023\/05\/20\/nejstarsi-slunecni-observator-zapadni-polokoule\/","title":{"rendered":"El observatorio solar m\u00e1s antiguo del hemisferio occidental"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size: 17px;\"><strong>Nejstar\u0161\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed observato\u0159 na z\u00e1padn\u00ed polokouli objevili v&nbsp;roce 2007 v\u011bdci v&nbsp;Peru. Tvo\u0159\u00ed ji t\u0159in\u00e1ct kamenn\u00fdch v\u011b\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou 2300 let star\u00e9 a jsou poskl\u00e1d\u00e1ny od severu k&nbsp;jihu v&nbsp;\u0159ad\u011b na h\u0159bet\u011b jednoho z&nbsp;kopc\u016f p\u0159i peru\u00e1nsk\u00e9m pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed. <\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>&#8220;Tis\u00edce lid\u00ed se tam shroma\u017e\u010fovaly, aby mohly sledovat pr\u016fchod slunce,&#8221;<\/em> \u0159ekl \u0159editel N\u00e1rodn\u00edho kulturn\u00edho institutu v&nbsp;Peru. V\u011b\u017ee v&nbsp;archeologick\u00e9 lokalit\u011b Chankillo kop\u00edruj\u00ed oblouky, kter\u00e9 slunce b\u011bhem roku opisuje od sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu k&nbsp;z\u00e1padu, sleduje-li je \u010dlov\u011bk z&nbsp;n\u011bkter\u00e9 ze dvou speci\u00e1ln\u011b postaven\u00fdch pozorovatelen, nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch se asi 230 metr\u016f v\u00fdchodn\u011b a z\u00e1padn\u011b od zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 linie v\u011b\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"463\" class=\"wp-image-2691\" src=\"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/v_peru_objevena_2.jpg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/v_peru_objevena_2.jpg 700w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/v_peru_objevena_2-300x198.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>T\u0159in\u00e1ct po sob\u011b jdouc\u00edch v\u011b\u017e\u00ed tvo\u0159\u00ed jedine\u010dnou slune\u010dn\u00ed observato\u0159 starobyl\u00e9 civilizace v&nbsp;dne\u0161n\u00edm Peru.<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku se pak m\u00edsto v\u00fdchodu slunce posunuje v&nbsp;linii v\u011b\u017e\u00ed d\u00e1le k&nbsp;z\u00e1padu, tak\u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 podle tohoto sol\u00e1rn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e stanovit konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed data. V\u011b\u017ee jsou tak sv\u011bdkem existence ran\u00e9ho vysp\u011bl\u00e9ho slune\u010dn\u00edho kultu, konstatovali v\u011bdci.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chankillo, le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed v&nbsp;pou\u0161ti asi 400 kilometr\u016f severn\u011b od peru\u00e1nsk\u00e9 metropole Limy, je ji\u017e dlouhou dobu zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 ob\u0159adn\u00ed centrum p\u0159edinck\u00e9 kultury, kter\u00e9 zahrnuje mohutn\u00e9 opevn\u011bn\u00ed, \u0159adu n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed a budov v\u010detn\u011b chr\u00e1mu. Doposud v\u0161ak nikdo p\u0159esn\u011b nech\u00e1pal, k&nbsp;\u010demu v&nbsp;tomto st\u0159edisku slou\u017eila 300 metr\u016f dlouh\u00e1 \u0159ada v\u011b\u017e\u00ed, posazen\u00fdch na nedalek\u00e9m n\u00edzk\u00e9m kopci.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u011b\u017ee, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed pravo\u00fahl\u00fd p\u016fdorys a z&nbsp;nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 se rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 75 a\u017e 125 metrech \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch, jsou v&nbsp;relativn\u011b dobr\u00e9m stavu a na vrcholovou plo\u0161inu ka\u017ed\u00e9 z&nbsp;nich vedou dv\u011b schodi\u0161t\u011b. Mezi nimi jsou pravideln\u00e9, asi p\u011btimetrov\u00e9 mezery.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" class=\"wp-image-2692\" src=\"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/DIF9ZwqXkAANK8L-1024x684.jpg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/DIF9ZwqXkAANK8L-1024x684.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/DIF9ZwqXkAANK8L-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/DIF9ZwqXkAANK8L-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/DIF9ZwqXkAANK8L.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Psan\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee Inkov\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bli pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed slunce p\u0159ed rokem 1500 na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu a \u017ee jejich n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed bylo zalo\u017een\u00e9 na uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed slunce. <em>&#8220;V\u00edme, \u017ee v&nbsp;dob\u011b Ink\u016f byly takov\u00e9to v\u011b\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny k&nbsp;pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed slunce kolem doby slunovratu, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee se jist\u00e9 prvky tohoto kultu objevovaly podstatn\u011b d\u0159\u00edve,&#8221;<\/em> uvedl odborn\u00edk na archeoastronomii <strong>Clive Ruggles<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zdroje:<\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1] Chanquillo. Wikipedia. Online: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chanquillo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (otev\u0159e se na nov\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017ece)\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chanquillo<\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El observatorio solar m\u00e1s antiguo del hemisferio occidental fue descubierto en 2007 por cient\u00edficos de Per\u00fa. Consta de trece torres de piedra de 2.300 a\u00f1os de antig\u00fcedad dispuestas en fila de norte a sur en la parte posterior de una colina de la costa peruana.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2696,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_crdt_document":"","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[13,5,4,50,120],"class_list":["post-2689","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archeologie","tag-inkove","tag-jizni-amerika","tag-peru","tag-ritualy","tag-slunecni-kult"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"es","enabled_languages":["cz","es"],"languages":{"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"es":{"title":true,"content":false,"excerpt":true}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2689","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2689"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2689\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4701,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2689\/revisions\/4701"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2696"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2689"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2689"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2689"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}