{"id":2778,"date":"2019-05-25T00:10:33","date_gmt":"2019-05-24T22:10:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/?p=2778"},"modified":"2019-05-26T11:57:21","modified_gmt":"2019-05-26T09:57:21","slug":"mayske-jeskyne-skryvaji-tajemstvi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/2019\/05\/25\/mayske-jeskyne-skryvaji-tajemstvi\/","title":{"rendered":"\ufeffMaysk\u00e9 jeskyn\u011b skr\u00fdvaj\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>V&nbsp;labyrintech podzemn\u00edch tunel\u016f pod ruinami starobyl\u00e9ho maysk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta Chichen Itz\u00e1 na poloostrov\u011b mexick\u00e9ho Yucatanu, archeologov\u00e9 znovu objevili jeskyni, plnou ztracen\u00fdch poklad\u016f. Studium jeskyn\u011b Balamka (B\u016fh Jagu\u00e1ra) odhaluje tajemstv\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch ritu\u00e1l\u016f a mo\u017en\u00e1 poskytne kl\u00ed\u010d k&nbsp;p\u00e1du maysk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e.<\/strong><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku byla tato jeskyn\u011b objevena m\u00edstn\u00edmi zem\u011bd\u011blci a v&nbsp;roce 1966 ji nav\u0161t\u00edvil archeolog <strong>V\u00edctor Segovia Pinto<\/strong>, kter\u00fd napsal zpr\u00e1vu o objevu, a o tom, \u017ee toto m\u00edsto obsahuje velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed artefakt\u016f. Tato zpr\u00e1va v\u0161ak zmizela, a nev\u00edme, pro\u010d m\u00edsto organizov\u00e1n\u00ed vykop\u00e1vek, archeolog na\u0159\u00eddil vstup do jeskyn\u011b zazd\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V&nbsp;ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b archeologa <strong>Jamese Bradyho <\/strong>z&nbsp;Kalifornsk\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed univerzity v&nbsp;Los Angeles se uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee v&nbsp;jeskyni, kterou nalezl Segovio bylo objeveno na 155 artefakt\u016f. Na n\u011bkter\u00fdch objektech bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 naj\u00edt obli\u010dej tolt\u00e9ck\u00e9ho boha de\u0161t\u011b a hromu <em>Tlaloca<\/em>, na jin\u00fdch &#8211; obrazy posv\u00e1tn\u00e9ho stromu Ceiba \u2013 stromu sv\u011bta star\u00fdch May\u00fa. Pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed, v&nbsp;nedalek\u00e9 jeskyni Balankanch\u00e9, kde byly v&nbsp;roce 1959 provedeny archeologick\u00e9 vykop\u00e1vky, bylo nalezeno pouze 70 podobn\u00fdch objekt\u016f.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pouze shodou okolnost\u00ed byla jeskyn\u011b Balamka objevena v&nbsp;roce 2018 skupinou v\u011bdc\u016f, veden\u00fdch archeologem jm\u00e9nem <strong>Guillermo de Anda<\/strong> z&nbsp;mexick\u00e9ho N\u00e1rodn\u00edho institutu antropologie a historie, kter\u00fd studoval vodonosnou vrstvu (sluj) pod m\u011bstem Chichen-Itz\u00e1 jako sou\u010d\u00e1st Velk\u00e9ho Maysk\u00e9ho vodovodn\u00edho projektu. Geologick\u00fd pr\u016fzkum byl \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b financov\u00e1n grantem od National Geographic Society.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\"  id=\"_ytid_86793\"  width=\"800\" height=\"450\"  data-origwidth=\"800\" data-origheight=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/i0TZjwIaUfQ?enablejsapi=1&#038;autoplay=0&#038;cc_load_policy=0&#038;cc_lang_pref=&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;loop=0&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;playsinline=0&#038;autohide=2&#038;theme=dark&#038;color=red&#038;controls=1&#038;disablekb=0&#038;\" class=\"__youtube_prefs__  epyt-is-override  no-lazyload\" title=\"YouTube player\"  allow=\"fullscreen; accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Balamk\u00fa: Podzemn\u00ed svatyn\u011b v&nbsp;Chichen Itz\u00e1. Zdroj: youtube.com <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na tiskov\u00e9 konferenci v&nbsp;Mexico City uvedli zam\u011bstnanci N\u00e1rodn\u00edho institutu antropologie a historie Mexika (Instituto Nacional de Antropolog\u00eda e Historia \/ INAH), \u017ee v&nbsp;jeskyni Balamku, jeskyni Bo\u017e\u00edho Jagu\u00e1ra, je v\u00edce ne\u017e 150 ritu\u00e1ln\u00edch objekt\u016f: kadidlo, v\u00e1zy, dekora\u010dn\u00ed tal\u00ed\u0159e s&nbsp;tv\u00e1\u0159emi star\u00fdch boh\u016f a jin\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch p\u0159edstav. Zpr\u00e1va N\u00e1rodn\u00edho institutu antropologie a d\u011bjin Mexika uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee tyto kultovn\u00ed objekty pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b lidsk\u00e9 ruce neuchopily tis\u00edc let.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Podle National Geographic, Guillermo de Anda \u0159ekl, \u017ee se plazil po b\u0159i\u0161e cel\u00e9 hodiny, protahoval se p\u0159es \u00fazk\u00e9 tunely, dokud paprsek jeho sv\u00edtilny nepadl na hromadu dokonale zachovan\u00fdch dar\u016f, zanechan\u00fdch starobyl\u00fdmi obyvateli Chich\u00e9n Itz\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> <em>\u201eNemohl jsem mluvit, za\u010dal jsem plakat,\u201c<\/em> p\u0159ipustil de Anda. <em>\u201eStudoval jsem lidsk\u00e9 poz\u016fstatky v&nbsp;posv\u00e1tn\u00e9m Cenote (neboli V\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed ob\u011bt\u00ed v&nbsp;Chichen Itz\u00e1), ale nic nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 porovnat s&nbsp;pocitem, kter\u00fd jsem za\u017eil. V&nbsp;t\u00e9to jeskyni skoro c\u00edt\u00edte p\u0159\u00edtomnost May\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed tam tyto v\u011bci p\u0159inesli.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pro starov\u011bk\u00e9 Maye, jeskyn\u011b a cenoty byly pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za pr\u016fchody do \u0159\u00ed\u0161e mrtv\u00fdch a jejich vody &#8211; byly pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za posv\u00e1tn\u00e9. Jejich studium umo\u017en\u00ed v\u011bdc\u016fm odpov\u011bd\u011bt na n\u011bkter\u00e9 z&nbsp;nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edch ot\u00e1zek, jako je \u00farove\u0148 kontakt\u016f a vliv\u016f, kter\u00e9 si vym\u011bnily r\u016fzn\u00e9 kultury mezoameri\u010dan\u016f, a tak\u00e9, co se stalo ve sv\u011bt\u011b May\u00fa p\u0159ed p\u00e1dem Chich\u00e9n Itz\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em> \u201eStudium mnoha nedot\u010den\u00fdch artefakt\u016f v&nbsp;jeskyni Balamka pom\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016fm l\u00e9pe porozum\u011bt kultu\u0159e maysk\u00fdch jeskynn\u00edch ritu\u00e1l\u016f,\u201c <\/em>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 archeolog de Anda. Pr\u016fzkum samotn\u00e9 jeskyn\u011b, v\u010detn\u011b jej\u00ed geologie a mikrobiologie, m\u016f\u017ee poskytnout st\u011b\u017eejn\u00ed informace o cyklech vody a klimatu, kter\u00e9 p\u0159eva\u017eovaly b\u011bhem vzestupu a p\u00e1du Chich\u00e9n Itz\u00e1. A tedy i mo\u017en\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d k&nbsp;vzestupu a p\u00e1du cel\u00e9 maysk\u00e9 civilizace. Kdo v\u00ed? Budoucnost uk\u00e1\u017ee.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zdroje:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1] Steffens, G.: Maya ritual cave \u2018untouched\u2019 for 1,000 years stuns archaeologists. NG, 4.3.2019. Online: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/culture\/2019\/03\/maya-ritual-balamku-cave-stuns-archaeologists\/\">https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/culture\/2019\/03\/maya-ritual-balamku-cave-stuns-archaeologists\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[2] Ferreira, B.: 1,000-Year-Old Pristine Mayan Artifacts Found in Sealed &#8216;Jaguar God&#8217; Cave. 08.05.2019. Online: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vice.com\/en_us\/article\/8xyezp\/1000-year-old-mayan-artifacts-found-in-sealed-jaguar-god-cave\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (otev\u0159e se na nov\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017ece)\">https:\/\/www.vice.com\/en_us\/article\/8xyezp\/1000-year-old-mayan-artifacts-found-in-sealed-jaguar-god-cave<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[3] Cenote. Wikipedia. Online: <a href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cenote\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (otev\u0159e se na nov\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017ece)\">https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cenote<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[4] Guillermo de Anda, Karla Ortega, James E. Brady y Ana K. Celis: Balamk\u00fa, Yucat\u00e1n. Online: <a href=\"https:\/\/arqueologiamexicana.mx\/mexico-antiguo\/balamku-yucatan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (otev\u0159e se na nov\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017ece)\">https:\/\/arqueologiamexicana.mx\/mexico-antiguo\/balamku-yucatan<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[5] TALAVERA, J.: Cueva Balamk\u00fa, nuevo tesoro en Chich\u00e9n Itz\u00e1, Yucat\u00e1n. 05.03.2019. Online: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.excelsior.com.mx\/expresiones\/cueva-balamku-nuevo-tesoro-en-chichen-itza-yucatan\/1299915\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (otev\u0159e se na nov\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017ece)\">https:\/\/www.excelsior.com.mx\/expresiones\/cueva-balamku-nuevo-tesoro-en-chichen-itza-yucatan\/1299915<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V&nbsp;labyrintech podzemn\u00edch tunel\u016f pod ruinami starobyl\u00e9ho maysk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta Chichen Itz\u00e1 na poloostrov\u011b mexick\u00e9ho Yucatanu, archeologov\u00e9 znovu objevili jeskyni, plnou ztracen\u00fdch poklad\u016f. Studium jeskyn\u011b Balamka (B\u016fh Jagu\u00e1ra) odhaluje tajemstv\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch ritu\u00e1l\u016f a mo\u017en\u00e1 poskytne kl\u00ed\u010d k&nbsp;p\u00e1du maysk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2781,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[128,5,60,129],"class_list":["post-2778","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archeologie","tag-chichen-itza","tag-jizni-amerika","tag-mayove","tag-yucatan"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.6","language":"es","enabled_languages":["cz","es"],"languages":{"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2778","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2778"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2778\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2782,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2778\/revisions\/2782"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2781"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2778"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2778"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2778"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}