{"id":2822,"date":"2019-07-13T00:10:46","date_gmt":"2019-07-12T22:10:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/?p=2822"},"modified":"2019-11-05T10:08:12","modified_gmt":"2019-11-05T09:08:12","slug":"zneuzivani-ayahuascy-je-ohrozenim-odkazu-predku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/2019\/07\/13\/zneuzivani-ayahuascy-je-ohrozenim-odkazu-predku\/","title":{"rendered":"Zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ayahuascy je ohro\u017een\u00edm odkazu p\u0159edk\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ayahuasca. Fenom\u00e9n a legendami op\u0159eden\u00e1 rostlina star\u00fdch jihoamerick\u00fdch kultur. V roce 2008 byla tato rostlina s l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdmi vlastnostmi vyhl\u00e1\u0161ena kulturn\u00edm d\u011bdictv\u00edm Peru. Stala se mantrou pro st\u00e1le v\u00edce cizinc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed do zem\u011b s \u00famyslem konzumovat ji a propagovat jako snadno dostupnou a relativn\u011b ne\u0161kodnou \u201ehalucinogenn\u00ed\u201c drogu.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yag\u00e9 nebo, chcete-li zn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ayahuasca je tis\u00edcilet\u00e1 domorod\u00e1 sm\u011bs, typick\u00e1 pro amazonsk\u00e9 d\u017eungle Ji\u017en\u00ed Ameriky. P\u0159ipravuje se ze dvou p\u016fvodn\u00edch bylin, kter\u00e9 rostou jen v t\u011bchto zem\u00edch: Banisteriopsis Caapi<\/em> a psychotria viridis<\/em> (ke\u010du\u00e1nsky zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako Chacruna)<\/em>, jejich\u017e kombinace produkuje siln\u00fd psychotrop, kter\u00fd obsahuje dimethyltryptamin (DMT). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tradi\u010dn\u011b se tento lektvar pije p\u0159i \u0161amansk\u00fdch ritu\u00e1lech, veden\u00fdch tzv. \u201ctaitas\u201d nebo-li v\u016fdci r\u016fzn\u00fdch etnick\u00fdch skupin usazen\u00fdch dnes na okraji velk\u00fdch m\u011bst. Tato mystick\u00e1 podstata se v\u0161ak stala \u201em\u00f3dou\u201c, kter\u00e1 p\u0159itahuje stovky turist\u016f do zem\u00ed, jako je Peru, Kolumbie, Braz\u00edlie a Venezuela. P\u0159i tomto mno\u017estv\u00ed turist\u016f hroz\u00ed, \u017ee skute\u010dn\u00fd ob\u0159ad se zm\u011bn\u00ed na pouh\u00fd komer\u010dn\u00ed obchod.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V roce 2008 Peru prohl\u00e1silo ayahuascu za kulturn\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed zem\u011b a pova\u017euje ritu\u00e1ly za \u201ekl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9\u201c pro rozvoj tradi\u010dn\u00ed amazonsk\u00e9 medic\u00edny, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se vymezilo proti \u010dist\u011b spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fdm a komer\u010dn\u00edm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm. Pot\u00e9, co byly tyto druhy ob\u0159ad\u016f legalizov\u00e1ny, cizinci za\u010dali p\u0159ich\u00e1zet a z\u0159izovat vlastn\u00ed turistick\u00e1 centra, kter\u00e1 nab\u00edzej\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s konzumac\u00ed rostliny a v mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech daleko od obvykl\u00fdch star\u00fdch ritu\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
P\u0159\u00edprava odvaru z ayahuascy. Zdroj: [3]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201c90% v\u0161ech l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch center v Peru, ve kter\u00fdch se konzumuje ayahuasca, jsou ve vlastnictv\u00ed cizinc\u016f, v\u011bt\u0161inou Ameri\u010dan\u016f. Je to nov\u00fd druh \u201ckolonizace\u201d praktik na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f. Vid\u00edme, \u017ee naj\u00edmaj\u00ed \u0161amany a u\u010ditele, aby je vyu\u017eili pouze pro turistick\u00fd ruch, a to nen\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9, proto\u017ee to m\u00e1 tendenci zast\u00edrat skute\u010dn\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed a propaguje pouze dezinformace,\u201d<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Roger Neira<\/strong>, \u0159editel a zakladatel centra Ayahuasca Peru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Centrum se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na pozemku o velikosti 45 hektar\u016f na ostrov\u011b De Amor, nedaleko m\u011bsta Pucallpa na severoz\u00e1pad\u011b Peru. Centrum \u201cAyahuasca Peru\u201d je definov\u00e1no jako \u201eCentrum tradi\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edny a starov\u011bk\u00e9 moudrosti\u201c. Ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e osm let tato organizace vyv\u00edj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 projekty pro zachov\u00e1n\u00ed a obnovu prales\u016f, a d\u00e1le zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 studie a hodnocen\u00ed, pokud jde o alternativn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00edm, \u017ee ayahuascu po\u017eijeme, v\u00fdsledn\u00fd efekt nen\u00ed halucinogen, jak se tento efekt b\u011b\u017en\u011b prezentuje v zahrani\u010d\u00ed, ale jedn\u00e1 se o  entheogen.[1] To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v pr\u016fb\u011bhu ritu\u00e1lu pracuj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti najednou, a to jak na fyzick\u00e9, tak i psychick\u00e9 \u00farovni. Je to jako probuzen\u00ed v\u011bdom\u00ed, co\u017e je proces, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee trvat n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed. \u010casto turist\u00e9 p\u0159ijdou a \u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed tuto drogu jen pro pobaven\u00ed. Nevyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se tak k tomu, k \u010demu je ur\u010dena, nen\u00ed to z\u00e1bava<\/em>.<\/p>Roger Neira, \u0159editel a zakladatel centra Ayahuasca Peru. <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Organizace tak\u00e9 spolupracuje s n\u011bkolika domorod\u00fdmi \u017eenami z komunity Ash\u00e1ninka, historick\u00e9ho amazonsk\u00e9ho etnika v regionu. N\u011bco, co podle Neiry, mnoho podobn\u00fdch center ned\u011bl\u00e1: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Pro ka\u017ed\u00fd l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fd ritu\u00e1l je nezbytn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost p\u0159edk\u016f z n\u011bkter\u00e9 komunity z oblasti ve kter\u00e9 se zrovna nach\u00e1z\u00edte. D\u011blaj\u00ed to, co je nau\u010dili jejich p\u0159edci a dnes, navzdory globalizaci, v tom pokra\u010duj\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Riziko cestovn\u00edho ruchu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cena nejekonomi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ritu\u00e1l\u016f je kolem 70 dolar\u016f na jeden lektvar, a a\u017e 500 za n\u011bkolik po sob\u011b. Pit\u00ed je nab\u00edzeno v turistick\u00fdch bal\u00ed\u010dc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 zahrnuj\u00ed pobyt v n\u011bjak\u00e9m duchovn\u00edm \u00fato\u010di\u0161ti. N\u00e1poj se vypije, obvykle v noci. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V posledn\u00edm desetilet\u00ed v\u0161ak n\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady skon\u010dily trag\u00e9di\u00ed. V roce 2012 peru\u00e1nsk\u00fd majitel a jeho n\u011bmeck\u00fd asistent tajn\u011b poh\u0159bili Ameri\u010dana, kter\u00fd zem\u0159el v jejich l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9m centru. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku 2015 jeden Kana\u010fan zabil britsk\u00e9ho ex-analytika z firmy Goldman Sachs b\u011bhem seance, a v roce 2016 zem\u0159ela po pit\u00ed ayahuascy mlad\u00e1 americk\u00e1 \u017eena, l\u00e9\u010den\u00e1 na rakovinu. Posledn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad nastal loni v dubnu, kdy byl jist\u00fd Kana\u010fan lyn\u010dov\u00e1n po zavra\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed star\u0161\u00edho l\u00e9\u010ditele. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

I \u010cesk\u00e1 republika m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 ob\u011bti mezi experiment\u00e1tory s lektvary exotick\u00fdch rostlin. Jedenadvacetilet\u00e1 Michaela na konci \u0159\u00edjna 2016 vyrazila na \u201el\u00e9\u010divou meditaci\u201c se \u0161amanem. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm organiz\u00e1torem podobn\u00fdch pitek a seanc\u00ed v \u010cR je Petr Chobot <\/strong>se sv\u00fdm peru\u00e1nsk\u00fdm kamar\u00e1dem Donem Sergiem<\/strong>. Michaela tehdy vypila odvar z jihoamerick\u00fdch li\u00e1n ayahuasca a popisovala ostatn\u00edm, jak za\u010dala jej\u00ed o\u010distn\u00e1 du\u0161evn\u00ed a transforma\u010dn\u00ed cesta. M\u011bla halucinace, celou noc prozvracela a probre\u010dela. C\u00edtila, \u017ee j\u00ed z t\u011bla vyl\u00e9zaj\u00ed brouci a nestv\u016fry. P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh skon\u010dil tragicky. Michaelu srazil p\u0159i p\u0159eb\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed kolej\u00ed na Kol\u00ednsku vlak. I ona pat\u0159ila do skupiny, experimentuj\u00edc\u00ed s lektvary a halucinogeny nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi, ne\u017e je \u0159ada drog. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chobot je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 firma. Pot\u00e9, co se v roce 2001 p\u0159i jeho seanci s n\u00e1zvem \u201cOsvobozuj\u00edc\u00ed autohypn\u00f3za pralesn\u00edch kouzeln\u00edk\u016f\u201d p\u0159iotr\u00e1vilo \u010dajem z amazonsk\u00fdch bylin dvaat\u0159icet lid\u00ed, byl posl\u00e1n soudem do psychiatrick\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010debny v Bohnic\u00edch. To mu v\u0161ak nesta\u010dilo, a tak i dnes vesele pokra\u010duje ve sv\u00e9m \u201cu\u010den\u00ed\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cJeho \u010dinnost, kter\u00e1 se u\u017e jednou uk\u00e1zala nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1, by m\u011bla b\u00fdt omezena,\u201c <\/em>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 odborn\u00edk na sekty a vedouc\u00ed Spole\u010dnosti pro studium sekt a nov\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch sm\u011br\u016f Zden\u011bk Vojt\u00ed\u0161ek<\/strong>.[2]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u010dkoli peru\u00e1nsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da nem\u00e1 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed registr l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch center, kter\u00e9 funguj\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch regionech zem\u011b, popt\u00e1vka po konzumaci t\u00e9to rostliny v posledn\u00edch letech pozoruhodn\u011b vzrostla. Pit\u00ed ayahuascy s sebou p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed rizika a tyto ritu\u00e1ly nejsou ur\u010deny pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, jak je to mnohdy prezentov\u00e1no. O to v\u00edce by si m\u011bli p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00ed konzumenti uv\u011bdomit, s k\u00fdm se do podobn\u00e9ho dobrodru\u017estv\u00ed pou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed. Zdrav\u00ed a \u017eivot je jen jeden.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroje:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1] Entheogen, Wikipedia. Online: https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Entheogen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2] Janou\u0161, V.: Uv\u011b\u0159ili v u\u010den\u00ed \u0161aman\u016f a pili \u201eo\u010distn\u00fd\u201c n\u00e1poj. Pozd\u011bji podivn\u011b zem\u0159eli. 17.12.2016. Online: https:\/\/www.idnes.cz\/zpravy\/domaci\/petr-chrisantem-machacek-ayahuasca-liana-halucinogeny-sekta-petr-chobot.A161216_212633_domaci_aha<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3] Duca, F: La “nueva colonizaci\u00f3n” que pone en peligro la pr\u00e1ctica ancestral de la ayahuasca en Per\u00fa. 20.06.2019. Online: https:\/\/actualidad.rt.com\/actualidad\/318551-nueva-colonizacion-peligro-ayahuasca-peru<\/a>
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ayahuasca. Fenom\u00e9n a legendami op\u0159eden\u00e1 rostlina star\u00fdch jihoamerick\u00fdch kultur. V roce 2008 byla tato rostlina s l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdmi vlastnostmi vyhl\u00e1\u0161ena kulturn\u00edm d\u011bdictv\u00edm Peru. Stala se mantrou pro st\u00e1le v\u00edce cizinc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed do zem\u011b s \u00famyslem konzumovat ji a propagovat jako snadno dostupnou drogu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2824,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_crdt_document":"","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[31,29,5,4,50,30],"class_list":["post-2822","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cestovani","tag-amazonie","tag-ayahuasca","tag-jizni-amerika","tag-peru","tag-ritualy","tag-samanismus"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"es","enabled_languages":["cz","es"],"languages":{"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2822","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2822"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2822\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2919,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2822\/revisions\/2919"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2824"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2822"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2822"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2822"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}