{"id":3128,"date":"2020-02-29T00:10:00","date_gmt":"2020-02-28T23:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/?p=3128"},"modified":"2020-03-06T09:28:59","modified_gmt":"2020-03-06T08:28:59","slug":"medicina-inku-ii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/2020\/02\/29\/medicina-inku-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"Medic\u00edna Ink\u016f (II)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L\u00e9ka\u0159 Patrick Braun vypr\u00e1v\u00ed o sv\u00fdch z\u00e1\u017eitc\u00edch s indi\u00e1nskou medic\u00ednou v peru\u00e1nsk\u00fdch And\u00e1ch, kam se v \u0161edes\u00e1t\u00fdch letech dostal s v\u00fdpravou z pov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed instituce.<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026 pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho pobytu Braun p\u0159i\u0161el na velmi p\u0159ekvapiv\u00fd jev. V jednom \u00fadol\u00ed pobl\u00ed\u017e Cuzca lid\u00e9 jen velmi z\u0159\u00eddka um\u00edraj\u00ed na rakovinu vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad k\u016f\u017ee a kone\u010dn\u00edku, zat\u00edmco obyvatel\u00e9 sousedn\u00edch \u00fadol\u00ed ji u\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed nejsou. Zeptal jsem se na to jednoho z m\u00edstn\u00edch curander\u016f, kter\u00fd mi odpov\u011bd\u011bl: <\/span>\u201cU n\u00e1s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me proti t\u011bmto onemocn\u011bn\u00edm oded\u00e1vna jist\u00e9ho prost\u0159edku, jeho\u017e z\u00e1kladem je odvar ze sm\u011bsi t\u0159\u00ed rostlin.\u201c<\/span><\/i>
<\/span>V tomto \u00fadol\u00ed \u017eije ov\u0161em jen n\u011bkolik set lid\u00ed a zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010din smrti tu m\u00e1 tedy pochybnou hodnotu. Proto nen\u00ed zat\u00edm mo\u017en\u00e9 d\u011blat z\u00e1v\u011bry o \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch indi\u00e1nsk\u00fdch bylin proti rakovin\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 domorod\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9 prost\u0159edky n\u00e1s nutn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v \u00fa\u017eas. Doktor Braun m\u011bl mo\u017enost sledovat osobn\u011b jednu velmi zaj\u00edmavou metodu l\u00e9\u010dby o\u010dn\u00edho podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed. Curande\u0159i l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed tento neduh tak, \u017ee polo\u017e\u00ed na \u0161iroce otev\u0159en\u00e9 pacientovy o\u010di n\u011bkolik \u017eiv\u00fdch \u010derv\u016f sesb\u00edran\u00fdch s hnij\u00edc\u00edch kv\u011bt\u016f ag\u00e1ve. Potv\u016frky se proch\u00e1zej\u00ed po rohovce a pohlcuj\u00ed v\u0161echny ne\u010distoty, kter\u00e9 byly p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou z\u00e1n\u011btu. Po z\u00e1kroku se odstran\u00ed z oka malou sn\u00edtkou.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

U choulostiv\u00fdch pacient\u016f se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jin\u00e9 terapie: vkl\u00e1daj\u00ed se jim pod v\u00ed\u010dka byliny, kter\u00e9 curandero roz\u017ev\u00fdk\u00e1 a p\u0159id\u00e1 k nim n\u011bkolik kapek citr\u00f3nu.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

HLAVN\u011a NEZLOBIT D\u011aDE\u010cKY! <\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podle n\u00e1zoru Indi\u00e1n\u016f nemaj\u00ed v\u0161echny nemoci p\u0159irozen\u00fd p\u016fvod. <\/span>\u201cKdy\u017e jsem se n\u011bkdy setkal s chorobami, kter\u00e9 jsem nemohl p\u0159esn\u011b ur\u010dit, zeptal jsem se curandera,\u201d dodal francouzsk\u00fd doktor.<\/span><\/i> Curandero v\u011bt\u0161inou odpov\u00eddal: <\/span>\u201cTo se pomstili apuov\u00e9!\u201c<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Apuov\u00e9 jsou duchov\u00e9. Jsou v\u0161udyp\u0159\u00edtomn\u00ed. A dne\u0161n\u00ed Indi\u00e1ni – stejn\u011b jako jejich p\u0159edci Inkov\u00e9 – se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee jestli\u017ee je n\u011bkdo vyru\u0161\u00ed, pomst\u00ed se mu za to t\u00edm, \u017ee na n\u011bho se\u0161lou nemoc. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed prevenc\u00ed je tedy p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161et duch\u016fm co nejv\u00edce dar\u016f. P\u0159esto v\u0161ak v And\u00e1ch nemoci, jim\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1n nadp\u0159irozen\u00fd p\u016fvod, p\u0159\u00edmo buj\u00ed. Je to t\u0159eba \u201cchacho\u201c, kter\u00e9 se projevuje bolestmi a rychl\u00fdm hubnut\u00edm, nebo \u201cmal de susto\u201c, je\u017e uvede nemocn\u00e9ho do takov\u00e9ho stavu otup\u011blosti, je\u017e se podob\u00e1 katalepsii.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Dra\u010d\u00ed krev, dodnes pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd l\u00e9k star\u00fdch indi\u00e1n\u016f. Zdroj: Internet<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tak\u00e9 Braun m\u011bl p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost z\u00fa\u010dastnit se l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed jedn\u00e9 z t\u011bchto \u201cnadp\u0159irozen\u00fdch\u201c nemoc\u00ed. \u201c<\/span>Ke curanderovi p\u0159ivedli neoby\u010dejn\u011b hubenou \u017eenu. St\u011b\u017eovala si na prudk\u00e9 bolesti v cel\u00e9m t\u011ble, kter\u00e9 vrcholily v noci. Vy\u0161et\u0159oval jsem ji, ale nedok\u00e1zal jsem stanovit \u017e\u00e1dnou p\u0159esnou diagn\u00f3zu,\u201d popsal Braun.<\/span><\/i> Pak se \u017eeny za\u010dal vypt\u00e1vat curandero. Dov\u011bd\u011bl se, \u017ee p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika dny upadla na h\u0159bitov\u011b, kdy\u017e tam \u0161la polo\u017eit kv\u011btiny na hrob jist\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9ho. Vyvodil z toho se v\u0161\u00ed samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed, \u017ee vyru\u0161ila p\u0159edky, a ti \u017ee se j\u00ed pomstili. Inkov\u00e9, u nich\u017e byl kult p\u0159edk\u016f velmi vyhran\u011bn, by byli uva\u017eovali stejn\u011b. V\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee kdo obt\u011b\u017euje p\u0159edky, uval\u00ed na sebe jejich hn\u011bv ve form\u011b nemoci. Nebylo to zcela neopodstatn\u011bn\u00e9, proto\u017ee p\u0159i velk\u00fdch epidemi\u00edch byly nepoh\u0159ben\u00e9 nebo \u0161patn\u011b pochovan\u00e9 mrtvoly zdrojem n\u00e1kazy. A tak curandero poslal jednu starou \u017eenu z vesnice, aby vyhledala a p\u0159inesla n\u011bkolik kost\u00ed ura\u017een\u00e9ho p\u0159edka. Pono\u0159il je do jak\u00e9si tekutiny a ponechal je v n\u00ed asi t\u00fdden. Potom v\u0161echny svolal, kosti sp\u00e1lil a popel dal spolknout nemocn\u00e9 \u017een\u011b. Kr\u00e1tce potom n\u00e1m ozn\u00e1mila, \u017ee se uzdravila…<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Francouzsk\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 pokl\u00e1dal tuto fantastickou terapii pouze za vliv sugesce nebo za jak\u00fdsi druh \u017eiveln\u00e9 psychoterapie. Nem\u011bn\u00ed to v\u0161ak nic na tom, \u017ee rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd soubor l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f, kter\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed peru\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed curande\u0159i, napom\u00e1h\u00e1 k dobr\u00fdm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm. A \u0159\u00e1dn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i pochopili, \u017ee je prosp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed domorod\u00fdch l\u00e9\u010ditel\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edvat, ne\u017e je zav\u00edrat.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peru\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i ostatn\u011b jako prvn\u00ed uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee curande\u0159i nejsou nutn\u011b jen \u0161arlat\u00e1ni a za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1va\u010d\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se pou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed do l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed sv\u00fdch bli\u017en\u00edch, proto\u017ee si v tom libuj\u00ed. V t\u00e9to zemi vnucuje st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b v\u00e1ha inck\u00fdch tradic empirick\u00e9 medic\u00edn\u011b \u0159\u00e1d a logiku. Kdysi byli posv\u00e1tn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010ditel\u00e9 organizov\u00e1n\u00ed podle p\u0159esn\u00e9 hierarchie, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla sv\u00e9 velekn\u011bze, jejich asistenty a v nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed vrstv\u011b z\u00e1stup m\u00e1lo v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch fel\u010dar\u016f. Dnes je to tak\u00e9 tak. V Kordiller\u00e1ch se setk\u00e1te s n\u011bkolika \u201cvelmistry”, kte\u0159\u00ed mohou vstupovat do p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho styku s duchy, a to jim umo\u017e\u0148uje zvl\u00e1dnout i nejobt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady. Maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo jmenovat ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010ditele. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Star\u00e9 postupy l\u00e9\u010dby se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed dodnes. Zdroj: internet.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Stejn\u011b jako za \u010das\u016f Inck\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e si je vyb\u00edraj\u00ed mezi mlad\u00edky, v jejich\u017e bl\u00edzkosti t\u0159ikr\u00e1t ude\u0159il blesk. O blesku se toti\u017e p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed na zemi v\u016fli boh\u016f. Na prvn\u00ed pohled m\u00e1 toto krit\u00e9rium velmi daleko ke schopnosti rozpozn\u00e1vat a l\u00e9\u010dit nemoci. Ale Inkov\u00e9 nejsou v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b tak zpozdil\u00ed, jak by se zd\u00e1lo. Braun se setkal s jedn\u00edm z nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch \u010darod\u011bj\u016f v \u00fadol\u00ed Uyucali v ji\u017en\u00edm Peru. Byl si velmi dob\u0159e v\u011bdom sv\u00e9 odpov\u011bdnosti a r\u00e1d l\u00e9ka\u0159i vysv\u011btlil, jak v tomto sm\u011bru postupuje.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cJakmile m\u00e1m jmenovat nov\u00e9ho curandera,\u201c<\/span><\/i> \u0159ekl, \u201d<\/span>mus\u00edm jednat s velikou rozvahou, proto\u017ee na tomto v\u00fdb\u011bru z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed zachov\u00e1n\u00ed poznatk\u016f, je\u017e n\u00e1m odevzdali p\u0159edkov\u00e9. Tato tajemstv\u00ed nemohou b\u00fdt zjevena kdekomu. Jen n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed jsou schopni jich pou\u017e\u00edvat…\u201c<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0158I ROKY ST\u00c1\u017dE<\/b> <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ob\u0159ad, j\u00edm\u017e je nov\u00fd curandero uv\u00e1d\u011bn do sv\u00e9 funkce, se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ed shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00edm obyvatel, aby o tom v\u0161ichni v\u011bd\u011bli, a je doprov\u00e1zen radov\u00e1nkami. Neznamen\u00e1 to v\u0161ak \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jmenov\u00e1n\u00ed na do\u017eivot\u00ed. Nov\u00fd l\u00e9\u010ditel mus\u00ed rok pracovat na zkou\u0161ku. Jestli\u017ee \u201cvelmistr\u201c usoud\u00ed, \u017ee dosahuje jen nevaln\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f, je definitivn\u00ed pov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e1\u010dka odlo\u017eeno o dal\u0161\u00ed rok. Nezd\u00e1-li se ani po t\u0159et\u00edm takov\u00e9m ob\u0159adu, \u017ee  schopnosti l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9ho adepta jsou dostate\u010dn\u00e9, pak se mu praxe zak\u00e1\u017ee. Prakticky to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee adept mus\u00ed prod\u011blat t\u0159i roky studi\u00ed nebo st\u00e1\u017ee, ne\u017e dostane \u201cdoktor\u00e1t.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ale i kdy\u017e u\u017e je definitivn\u011b instalov\u00e1n, je mlad\u00fd curandero nejprve jen jak\u00fdmsi obvodn\u00edm fel\u010darem \u010di sp\u00ed\u0161e porodn\u00ed asistentkou, jeho\u017e hlavn\u00ed prac\u00ed je pom\u00e1hat p\u0159i porodech… Teprve dos\u00e1hne-li vynikaj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f, postoup\u00ed v hierarchi\u00ed a pozd\u011bji<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

se mo\u017en\u00e1 s\u00e1m stane \u201cvelmistrem.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toto v\u0161e je ov\u0161em v rozporu s peru\u00e1nsk\u00fdmi z\u00e1kony a odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 se to za nejp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho utajen\u00ed. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou v\u0161ak nen\u00ed ani tak strach p\u0159ed polici\u00ed jako tradice. In\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i \u017eili jako jejich pacienti ve skromn\u00fdch domech. Stejn\u011b je tomu i dnes, a neb\u00fdt pomoci domorod\u00fdch p\u0159\u00e1tel, nikdy by se ani doktoru Braunovi nepoda\u0159ilo s tolika curandery setkat. Jinak se do toho \u00fa\u0159ady p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nevm\u011b\u0161uj\u00ed, v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee tradice je tradice a lid\u00e9 curandery pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed. <\/span>\u201cCo chcete,” <\/span><\/i>\u0159ekl l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fdprav\u011b jist\u00fd d\u016fstojn\u00edk peru\u00e1nsk\u00e9 policie, <\/span>\u201cv zapadl\u00fdch horsk\u00fdch kon\u010din\u00e1ch je po\u0159\u00e1d lep\u0161\u00ed m\u00edt alespo\u0148 curandery.\u201c<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V roce 1968 byl ve zdravotn\u00edm st\u0159edisku v Piscu, v ji\u017en\u00edm Peru zah\u00e1jen pokus o spolupr\u00e1ci empirick\u00e9 a modern\u00ed medic\u00edny. Aby l\u00e9ka\u0159i p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dili domorodce, \u017ee maj\u00ed st\u0159edisko nav\u0161t\u011bvovat, rozhodl se jeho \u0161\u00e9fl\u00e9ka\u0159 ke spolupr\u00e1ci s m\u00edstn\u00edmi curandery. Po\u0159\u00e1dal s nimi pravideln\u00e9 sch\u016fzky. Zhruba ka\u017ed\u00fdch \u010dtrn\u00e1ct dn\u00ed jim d\u00e1val bra\u0161ny s n\u011bkter\u00fdmi desinfek\u010dn\u00edmi prost\u0159edky k o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed ran, a k zachov\u00e1n\u00ed hygieny p\u0159i porodech. Vysv\u011btloval jim z\u00e1klady hygieny, diagnostiky a terapie. \u00dazkostliv\u011b se v\u0161ak vyh\u00fdbal tomu, aby kritizoval jejich metody, a nech\u00e1val je, aby si po\u010d\u00ednali podle sv\u00e9ho. Indi\u00e1ni za\u010dali pohl\u00ed\u017eet na modern\u00ed medic\u00ednu s men\u0161\u00ed zaujatost\u00ed, co\u017e ov\u0161em neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee se cht\u011bli od sv\u00e9ho tradi\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed odklonit. To by ostatn\u011b nebylo ani \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed, jak pozd\u011bji vysv\u011btlil jeden vysok\u00fd \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk peru\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho ministerstva zdravotnictv\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cMus\u00edme Indi\u00e1ny mnoho nau\u010dit, zejm\u00e9na pokud jde o hygienu, ale je jist\u00e9, \u017ee i oni n\u00e1m mus\u00ed odhalit mnoho tajemstv\u00ed. \u00dazk\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce modern\u00ed a tradi\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edny m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jen ke v\u0161eobecn\u00e9mu prosp\u011bchu. A toho se sna\u017e\u00edme dos\u00e1hnout.\u201c <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I kdy\u017e se tato v\u00fdprava uskute\u010dnila v 60. letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, a technick\u00fd pokrok si mezit\u00edm na\u0161el cestu i do odlehlej\u0161\u00edch kon\u010din Peru, st\u00e1le je patrn\u00fd vliv curander\u016f na zdrav\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edch obyvatel. S postupuj\u00edc\u00ed turistikou, se \u0159ada z nich nav\u00edc p\u0159eorientovala na v\u00fdnosn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed model, a na star\u00fdch tradic\u00edch za\u010dala vyd\u011bl\u00e1vat pen\u00edze.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Medic\u00edna ink\u016f I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroje:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Archiv autora.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00e9ka\u0159 Patrick Braun vypr\u00e1v\u00ed o sv\u00fdch z\u00e1\u017eitc\u00edch s indi\u00e1nskou medic\u00ednou v peru\u00e1nsk\u00fdch And\u00e1ch, kam se v \u0161edes\u00e1t\u00fdch letech dostal s v\u00fdpravou z pov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed instituce.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3185,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[13,5,157,4,30,16],"class_list":["post-3128","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cestovani","tag-inkove","tag-jizni-amerika","tag-medicina","tag-peru","tag-samanismus","tag-tahuantinsuyo"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"es","enabled_languages":["cz","es"],"languages":{"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3128","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3128"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3128\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3252,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3128\/revisions\/3252"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3185"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3128"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3128"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}