{"id":3333,"date":"2020-06-06T00:10:00","date_gmt":"2020-06-05T22:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/?p=3333"},"modified":"2021-05-25T10:55:37","modified_gmt":"2021-05-25T08:55:37","slug":"krysi-stezky-jak-naciste-prchali-pred-odvetou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/2020\/06\/06\/krysi-stezky-jak-naciste-prchali-pred-odvetou\/","title":{"rendered":"“Krys\u00ed stezky”: jak nacist\u00e9 prchali p\u0159ed odvetou"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Po por\u00e1\u017ece N\u011bmecka ve druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce za\u010daly ze zem\u011b prchat stovky a tis\u00edce nacistick\u00fdch zlo\u010dinc\u016f. Cesty, po kter\u00fdch uprchli p\u0159ed spravedlnost\u00ed, se naz\u00fdvaly \u201ckrys\u00ed stezky.\u201c Jedna z t\u011bch hlavn\u00edch proch\u00e1zela It\u00e1li\u00ed, kde katoli\u010dt\u00ed duchovn\u00ed podporovali nacistick\u00e9 uprchl\u00edky.<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch organiz\u00e1tor\u016f \u201cpa\u0161er\u00e1k\u016f krys\u201d, byl italsk\u00fd biskup <\/span>Alois Hudal <\/b>(1885-1963). D\u00edky Hudalovi se povedlo uprchnout \u0161pi\u010dk\u00e1m nacistick\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, nap\u0159\u00edklad jednomu ze str\u016fjc\u016f holocaustu, <\/span>Adolfu Eichmannovi <\/b>(1906-1962), b\u00fdval\u00e9mu veliteli koncentra\u010dn\u00edch vyhlazovac\u00edch t\u00e1bor\u016f Sobibor a Treblinka <\/span>Franzi Stanglovi <\/b>(1908-1971), z\u00e1stupci velitele Sobiboru <\/span>Gustavovi Wagnerovi<\/b>, a dal\u0161\u00edm, jen\u017e se pod\u00edleli na likvidaci v\u00edce jak 200 tis\u00edc v\u011bz\u0148\u016f. To jsou jen \u0161pi\u010dky nacist\u016f, kter\u00fdm se poda\u0159ilo uniknout soudu norimbersk\u00e9ho tribun\u00e1lu. O tis\u00edc\u00edch dal\u0161\u00edch ani nev\u00edme.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Biskup Alois Hudal.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Hudal jim poskytl v\u00edza, pasy, pen\u00edze a dokonce i vstupenky na lo\u010f. V\u011bt\u0161ina z nich ode\u0161la do Ji\u017en\u00ed Ameriky. Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee o tom v\u0161em v\u011bd\u011bl i \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd pape\u017e Pius XII. (1876-1958). Dnes se tomu m\u016f\u017eeme podivovat, nicm\u00e9n\u011b ani on do takov\u00e9 \u010dinnosti nezasahoval, proto\u017ee s\u00e1m sympatizoval s nacisty.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed krys\u00ed stezka byla organizov\u00e1na s\u00edt\u00ed chorvatsk\u00fdch kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed pod veden\u00edm otce <\/span>K. Draganovi\u0107e<\/b>. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm zlo\u010dincem, kter\u00e9mu se poda\u0159ilo d\u00edky Draganovi\u010dovi uniknout, byl chorvatsk\u00fd dikt\u00e1tor, organiz\u00e1tor genocidy Srb\u016f, \u017did\u016f a Cik\u00e1n\u016f <\/span>Ante Pavelic <\/b>(1889-1959)<\/span>.<\/b> Podle r\u016fzn\u00fdch odhad\u016f bylo b\u011bhem genocidy organizovan\u00e9 Pavelicem zabito a\u017e 800 000 lid\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Pape\u017e Pius XII.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Po dosa\u017een\u00ed Argentiny se tento b\u00fdval\u00fd dikt\u00e1tor stal bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edm poradcem prezidenta Juana Per\u00f3na. O 12 let pozd\u011bji se Srbov\u00e9 kone\u010dn\u011b do\u010dkali a mohli se vydat po Pavelicov\u011b stop\u011b. V d\u016fsledku n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho atent\u00e1tu byl Pavelic zran\u011bn, ale p\u0159e\u017eil, a byl nucen uprchnout do \u0160pan\u011blska, kde o dva roky pozd\u011bji zem\u0159el.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Existuj\u00ed i verze, kter\u00e9 tvrd\u00ed \u017ee Draganovi\u010d, Hudal a podobn\u00ed nevyu\u017e\u00edvali pomoc Vatik\u00e1nu. Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed Vatik\u00e1n samoz\u0159ejm\u011b odm\u00edtl svou \u00fa\u010dast v takov\u00fdch v\u011bcech, ale rozsah organizovan\u00fdch \u201ekrys\u00edch stezek\u201c nazna\u010duje, \u017ee na jejich \u010dinnosti musely b\u00fdt pou\u017eity v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed zdroje.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed \u201ekrys\u00ed stezka\u201c vedla do \u0160pan\u011blska. Frank\u016fv re\u017eim, kter\u00fd byl v t\u00e9 dob\u011b v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed izolaci, ochotn\u011b p\u0159ijal prchaj\u00edc\u00ed nacisty, vyd\u00e1val jim nov\u00e9 pasy pod jin\u00fdmi jm\u00e9ny a poskytoval jim v\u0161e pot\u0159ebn\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samotn\u00ed nacist\u00e9 v\u0161ak vytvo\u0159ili organizace ur\u010den\u00e9 k ochran\u011b sv\u00fdch krajan\u016f p\u0159ed odvetou. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed takovou organizac\u00ed byla ODESSA (n\u011bmecky: \u201eOrganization der ehemaligen SS-Angeh\u00f6rigen\u201c), kter\u00e1 se p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1 jako \u201eOrganizace b\u00fdval\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f SS\u201c. Zn\u00e1m\u00fd sabot\u00e9r <\/span>Otto Skorzeny <\/b>(1908-1975)<\/span> byl podez\u0159el\u00fd z nav\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed spojen\u00ed s touto organizac\u00ed, a\u010dkoli to nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 dok\u00e1zat. \u010clenov\u00e9 organizace byli v r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00edch, v\u010detn\u011b Argentiny, Egypta, N\u011bmecka, Braz\u00edlie, It\u00e1lie a Vatik\u00e1nu. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seznam nacist\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edvali slu\u017eeb Organizace b\u00fdval\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f SS, je obrovsk\u00fd. Jsou mezi nimi A. Eichmann, E. Pribke, J. Mengele, E. Roshman, A. Heim a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Organizace nejen p\u0159isp\u011bla k hled\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fakrytu pro \u010dleny SS, ale tak\u00e9 jim pomohla z\u00edskat nov\u00e9 m\u00edsto, naj\u00edt pr\u00e1ci, zajistit bydlen\u00ed atd. Jeliko\u017e mnoho zn\u00e1m\u00fdch zlo\u010dinc\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b organiz\u00e1tor\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch masakr\u016f, dok\u00e1zalo uniknout norimbersk\u00fdm soud\u016fm, byl to sign\u00e1l k lovu nacist\u016f tajn\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed operac\u00ed je dodnes zajet\u00ed a poprava A. Eichmanna v Izraeli. Mezi jednotlivce lov\u00edc\u00ed nacisty na \u00fat\u011bku pat\u0159il p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm <\/span>Simon Wiesenthal <\/b>(1908-2005). Vytvo\u0159il organizaci, kter\u00e1 pomohla postavit p\u0159ed soud stovky nacist\u016f z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed Wiesenthala je soud s velitelem Sobibora a Treblinky <\/span>Franzem Stanglem<\/b>, kter\u00fd byl v roce 1967 zat\u010den a odsouzen k do\u017eivotn\u00edmu v\u011bzen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed nacistick\u00e9 lovce pat\u0159\u00ed i man\u017eelsk\u00fd p\u00e1r <\/span>Serge<\/b> (*1935) a<\/span> Beate <\/b>(*1939) <\/span>Klarsfeldovi<\/b>. D\u00edky nim byl v roce 1971 objeven nacista <\/span>Klaus Barbie<\/b> (1913-1991) v Bol\u00edvii, zn\u00e1m\u00fd tak\u00e9 jako \u201cLyonsk\u00fd \u0159ezn\u00edk\u201c, kter\u00fd je zn\u00e1m\u00fd pro brut\u00e1ln\u00ed zlo\u010diny proti p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016fm francouzsk\u00e9ho odporu. Bohu\u017eel a\u017e v roce 1983 ho Bol\u00edvie jako sedmdes\u00e1tilet\u00e9ho mu\u017ee, vydala do Francie, kde byl odsouzen k do\u017eivotn\u00edmu v\u011bzen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Po por\u00e1\u017ece N\u011bmecka ve druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce za\u010daly ze zem\u011b prchat stovky a tis\u00edce nacistick\u00fdch zlo\u010dinc\u016f. Cesty, po kter\u00fdch uprchli p\u0159ed spravedlnost\u00ed, se naz\u00fdvaly \u201ckrys\u00ed stezky.\u201c Jedna z t\u011bch hlavn\u00edch proch\u00e1zela It\u00e1li\u00ed, kde katoli\u010dt\u00ed duchovn\u00ed podporovali nacistick\u00e9 uprchl\u00edky.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3336,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_crdt_document":"","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[45,173,5,174,163],"class_list":["post-3333","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","tag-argentina","tag-italie","tag-jizni-amerika","tag-krysi-stezky","tag-naciste"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"es","enabled_languages":["cz","es"],"languages":{"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3333","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3333"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3333\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3524,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3333\/revisions\/3524"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3336"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3333"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3333"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3333"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}