{"id":3621,"date":"2021-01-23T00:10:00","date_gmt":"2021-01-22T23:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/?p=3621"},"modified":"2021-11-24T14:16:21","modified_gmt":"2021-11-24T13:16:21","slug":"mohla-rostlina-zmekcit-kamen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/2021\/01\/23\/mohla-rostlina-zmekcit-kamen\/","title":{"rendered":"Mohla rostlina zm\u011bk\u010dit k\u00e1men?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dosud st\u00e1le neexistuje jednozna\u010dn\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f na ot\u00e1zku, jak p\u0159esn\u011b byly postaveny kolos\u00e1ln\u00ed megalitick\u00e9 struktury starov\u011bku. Existuje pom\u011brn\u011b dost verz\u00ed a domn\u011bnek, ale nikdo si nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt stoprocentn\u011b jist\u00fd ani jednou z nich. Je pravda, \u017ee lid\u00e9 m\u011bli dost \u010dasu na z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed mnoha zku\u0161enost\u00ed s prac\u00ed s kamenem, ale p\u0159esto existuj\u00ed stavby, kde p\u0159edstavivost t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 naprosto selh\u00e1v\u00e1. To v\u0161e s p\u0159ihl\u00e9dnut\u00edm k faktu, \u017ee v t\u00e9 dob\u011b neexistovaly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro manipulaci s n\u011bkolikatunov\u00fdmi kamenn\u00fdmi bloky, nato\u017e p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e1 vozidla.<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V z\u00e1sad\u011b tak existuj\u00ed dv\u011b verze. Ta prvn\u00ed \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee k\u00e1men byl zpracov\u00e1n nezn\u00e1m\u00fdmi, ale \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji a technologiemi. Druh\u00e1 verze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 zm\u011bk\u010den\u00ed blok\u016f pomoc\u00ed nezn\u00e1m\u00fdch technologi\u00ed. Zastav\u00edm se u druh\u00e9 mo\u017enosti, kter\u00e1 by mohla p\u0159ich\u00e1zet v \u00favahu.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed si mnoz\u00ed badatel\u00e9 starov\u011bk\u00fdch civilizac\u00ed kladou ot\u00e1zku, jak p\u0159esn\u011b byly megalitick\u00e9 bloky zpracov\u00e1ny p\u0159ed tis\u00edci lety? Mnoho v\u011bdc\u016f tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee ve starov\u011bku existovaly dokonce stroje, schopn\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1vat obrovsk\u00e9 bloky, ale verze o zm\u011bk\u010den\u00ed kamenn\u00fdch blok\u016f se jim zd\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 fantastick\u00e1. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b na mnoha struktur\u00e1ch jsou z\u0159eteln\u011b viditeln\u00e9 stopy odl\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed nebo \u201eformov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c kamen\u016f jako z plastel\u00edny. Vid\u00edme otisky rukou, nohou a bedn\u011bn\u00ed…<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
N\u011bkter\u00e9 kameny maj\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b podivn\u00e9 otisky. Zdroj: foto autora<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ukazuje se, \u017ee pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 n\u00e1rody nen\u00ed ot\u00e1zka m\u011bk\u010den\u00ed kamene z\u00e1hadou. N\u011bkter\u00e9 legendy \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee ve starov\u011bku existovala rostlina, jej\u00ed\u017e \u0161\u0165\u00e1vou m\u016f\u017eete zm\u011bk\u010dit jak\u00fdkoli k\u00e1men. Jedna z prvn\u00edch zm\u00ednek o t\u011bchto legend\u00e1ch pat\u0159\u00ed americk\u00e9mu archeologovi, objeviteli Machu Picchu, <\/span>Hiramu Binghamovi (1875-1956). <\/b>Ten o t\u00e9to z\u00e1had\u011b napsal n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed text:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Modern\u00ed Peru\u00e1nci velmi r\u00e1di hovo\u0159\u00ed o metod\u011b, kterou Inkov\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvali ke spojov\u00e1n\u00ed kamen\u016f. Jedn\u00edm z obl\u00edben\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f je, \u017ee Inkov\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011bli o rostlin\u011b, jej\u00ed\u017e \u0161\u0165\u00e1vy zp\u016fsobily, \u017ee povrch bloku byl tak m\u011bkk\u00fd, \u017ee dokonal\u00e9 p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed bylo dosa\u017eeno jen po n\u011bkolika okam\u017eic\u00edch pot\u0159en\u00ed kamen\u016f, o\u0161et\u0159en\u00fdch touto rostlinnou \u0161\u0165\u00e1vou.\u201c<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podobn\u00e9 legendy zaznamenali i dal\u0161\u00ed badatel\u00e9. Britsk\u00fd pr\u016fzkumn\u00edk <\/span>Parcival Harrison Fawcett (1867-1925)<\/b>, kter\u00fd cestoval p\u0159es Bol\u00edvii a Peru, a ne\u017e zmizel  v severn\u00ed Braz\u00edlii p\u0159i hled\u00e1n\u00ed ztracen\u00e9ho m\u011bsta Z, napsal n\u011bco podobn\u00e9ho ve spojitosti s pt\u00e1ky:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cPt\u00e1k hn\u00edzd\u00ed v \u00fahledn\u00fdch kulat\u00fdch otvorech na skalnat\u00fdch \u00fatesech u \u0159eky. Tyto d\u00edry jsou jasn\u011b viditeln\u00e9, ale obvykle se k nim nelze p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit. Je zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, \u017ee d\u00edry lze naj\u00edt pouze tam, kde jsou tito pt\u00e1ci.\u201c<\/span><\/i>  <\/span>Fawcett \u0159ekl, \u017ee vid\u011bl proces vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed t\u011bchto d\u011br. <\/span>\u201cVid\u011bl jsem je, jak to d\u011blaj\u00ed mnohokr\u00e1t. Sledoval jsem, jak pt\u00e1ci p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed v zob\u00e1c\u00edch n\u011bjak\u00e9 listy na \u00fates, a klofaj\u00ed do skal, jako datli na strom\u011b, a krou\u017eiv\u00fdmi pohyby ot\u00edraj\u00ed listy po povrchu. Potom odlet\u00ed a vr\u00e1t\u00ed se s nov\u00fdmi, a pokra\u010duj\u00ed v pot\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed. Po t\u0159ech nebo \u010dty\u0159ech opakov\u00e1n\u00edch odhod\u00ed listy a za\u010dnou b\u00edt ostr\u00fdmi zob\u00e1ky na dan\u00e9 m\u00edsto, a p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b brzy ud\u011blaj\u00ed do kamene kulatou d\u00edru.\u201c<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Dal\u0161\u00ed z otisk\u016f v Ollantaytambo. Zdroj: foto autora<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Jist\u00fd katolick\u00fd kn\u011bz <\/span>Hohe Lira<\/b> tak\u00e9 zm\u00ednil podobnou legendu. Tato legenda \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee Bohov\u00e9 obdarovali Inky dv\u011bma dary. Prvn\u00edm a nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm darem byly listy koky, kter\u00e9 lidem umo\u017e\u0148ovaly p\u0159ekonat bolest a \u00fanavu. Druh\u00fdm darem byla rostlina s \u00fa\u017easn\u00fdmi vlastnostmi. Slo\u017een\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00e9 sm\u00edch\u00e1n\u00edm t\u00e9to rostliny s n\u011bkolika dal\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edsadami bylo schopn\u00e9 p\u0159em\u011bnit nejodoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k\u00e1men na m\u011bkkou l\u00e1tku.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee Inkov\u00e9 ji\u017e p\u0159i\u0161li na \u00fazem\u00ed, kde tyto struktury ji\u017e existovaly a jednodu\u0161e nemohli vysv\u011btlit nezn\u00e1mou architekturu jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. Ale co kdy\u017e tato rostlina skute\u010dn\u011b existovala? Ale co kdy\u017e byla tak p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na ve stavebnictv\u00ed, \u017ee rostlina prost\u011b nem\u011bla \u010das na reprodukci a nakonec zmizela? To u\u017e se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nikdy nedozv\u00edme.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dosud st\u00e1le neexistuje jednozna\u010dn\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f na ot\u00e1zku, jak p\u0159esn\u011b byly postaveny kolos\u00e1ln\u00ed megalitick\u00e9 struktury starov\u011bku. Existuje pom\u011brn\u011b dost verz\u00ed a domn\u011bnek, ale nikdo si nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt stoprocentn\u011b jist\u00fd ani jednou z nich.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3624,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[13,5,4,16,43],"class_list":["post-3621","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zahady","tag-inkove","tag-jizni-amerika","tag-peru","tag-tahuantinsuyo","tag-zahady"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.6","language":"es","enabled_languages":["cz","es"],"languages":{"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3621","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3621"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3621\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3627,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3621\/revisions\/3627"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3624"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3621"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3621"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3621"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}