{"id":3705,"date":"2021-02-13T00:10:00","date_gmt":"2021-02-12T23:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/?p=3705"},"modified":"2021-02-06T21:11:28","modified_gmt":"2021-02-06T20:11:28","slug":"proc-byl-japonec-prezidentem-v-peru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/2021\/02\/13\/proc-byl-japonec-prezidentem-v-peru\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d byl Japonec prezidentem v Peru?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Mnoz\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee po dobu 10 let byl prezidentem latinskoamerick\u00e9 zem\u011b Peru ob\u010dan japonsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu – Alberto Fujimori (alias Alberto Kenya Fujimori – viz. \u00favodn\u00ed foto). Nav\u00edc to byl \u010distokrevn\u00fd Japonec, kter\u00fd se narodil v rodin\u011b \u010distokrevn\u00fdch Japonc\u016f. Dok\u00e1\u017eete si to p\u0159edstavit u n\u00e1s? Nebo v N\u011bmecku \u010di velik\u00e9m Rusku? Nebo ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii? T\u011b\u017eko.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ne\u017e budeme hovo\u0159it o d\u016fvodu, pro\u010d se Japonci objevili v Peru, pod\u00edv\u00e1me se na to, jak\u00fd druh lid\u00ed tam \u017eije. Ukazuje se, \u017ee etno-rasov\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed obyvatelstva je r\u016fznorod\u00e9. V\u00edce ne\u017e 60% populace tvo\u0159\u00ed mestici<\/strong>, to znamen\u00e1 potomci b\u00edl\u00fdch Evropan\u016f<\/strong> (hlavn\u011b <\/em>\u0161pan\u011blsk\u00fdch<\/em><\/strong> kolonialist\u016f<\/em>) a m\u00edstn\u00edch Indi\u00e1n\u016f<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Druhou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed populac\u00ed je n\u00e1rod Ke\u010du\u00e1nc\u016f – <\/strong>s v\u00edce ne\u017e 22%. Mimochodem, oni jsou ti d\u011bdici slavn\u00e9ho Tahuantinsuyu  – \u0159\u00ed\u0161e Ink\u016f. \u010cistokrevn\u00ed b\u00edl\u00ed Peru\u00e1nci jsou na t\u0159et\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b – t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 6%. Pak jsou tu potomci africk\u00fdch otrok\u016f, aymar\u0161t\u00ed Indi\u00e1ni, domorod\u00e9 kmeny Amazonky, stejn\u011b jako \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9<\/strong> a Japonci<\/strong>. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee jich nen\u00ed tolik – asi 160 tis\u00edc – ale jsou velmi d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed peru\u00e1nsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Kde se tam tedy vzali? Kdy\u017e jsem Peru nav\u0161t\u00edvil v\u016fbec poprv\u00e9, byl jsem z t\u00e9to skute\u010dnosti pom\u011brn\u011b p\u0159ekvapen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prvn\u00ed diplomatick\u00e9 vztahy mezi Japonskem a Peru se obecn\u011b nav\u00e1zaly v roce 1868. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v tomto roce za\u010dalo takzvan\u00e9 obdob\u00ed Meid\u017ei<\/em>, kdy po mnoha letech izolace od vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho sv\u011bta za\u010dalo Japonsko kone\u010dn\u011b navazovat diplomatick\u00e9 vztahy s mnoha zem\u011bmi sv\u011bta. No a tak\u00e9 s Peru, proto\u017ee tato zem\u011b nen\u00ed od Japonska tak daleko, pokud p\u0159eplav\u00edte Tich\u00fd oce\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V roce 1899 p\u0159ijelo do Peru 790 japonsk\u00fdch migrant\u016f, aby pracovali na m\u00edstn\u00edch plant\u00e1\u017e\u00edch. Faktem je, \u017ee pen\u00edze, kter\u00e9 dostali v Peru za jeden pracovn\u00ed den, p\u0159ekro\u010dily pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 denn\u00ed v\u00fdd\u011blky v Japonsku dvakr\u00e1t (!). Japonsk\u00e9 org\u00e1ny nav\u00edc v t\u00e9to v\u011bci dos\u00e1hly dohody s peru\u00e1nsk\u00fdmi \u00fa\u0159ady. A po cel\u00e9m Japonsku byly vyv\u011b\u0161eny takov\u00e9to plak\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 nab\u00e1daly:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u201eP\u0159ipojte se ke sv\u00e9 rodin\u011b v Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe! Stejn\u011b jako v\u00e1\u0161 otec, bratr, synovec tam u\u017e pracuj\u00ed, tak co tady je\u0161t\u011b d\u011bl\u00e1te? No tak, b\u011b\u017e, m\u00e1\u0161 dobrou smlouvu na 4 roky.\u201c Foto: internet<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

A ode\u0161li nejen do Peru, ale tak\u00e9 do Braz\u00edlie. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku to Japonci m\u011bli v Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9. Trp\u011bli m\u00edstn\u00edmi tropick\u00fdmi chorobami, um\u00edrali, trp\u011bli rasovou diskriminac\u00ed atd. Ale postupn\u011b se mnoz\u00ed za\u010dali za\u010dle\u0148ovat do spole\u010dnosti, asimilovat se, st\u011bhovat se do m\u011bst, zakl\u00e1dat vlastn\u00ed mal\u00e9 firmy (obchody, \u0159emesln\u00e9 d\u00edlny<\/em>), vytv\u00e1\u0159et vlastn\u00ed \u0161koly, br\u00e1t si m\u00edstn\u00ed \u017eeny. Kdy\u017e u\u017e jsem tedy v\u00fd\u0161e napsal, \u017ee v Peru \u017eije dnes asi 160 tis\u00edc Japonc\u016f, m\u011bl jsem na mysli p\u0159esn\u011b ob\u010dany japonsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu. Tedy u\u017e nikoli nutn\u011b \u010distokrevn\u00e9 Japonce!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve \u010dty\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch letech 20. stolet\u00ed se vztahy k m\u00edstn\u00edm Japonc\u016fm zhor\u0161ily. D\u016fvod je jasn\u00fd: Japonsko podporovalo fa\u0161istick\u00e9 N\u011bmecko a za\u010dalo expanzi do SSSR, \u010c\u00edny, Koreje, Indon\u00e9sie atd. Za\u010dalo drancov\u00e1n\u00ed a pogromy japonsk\u00fdch podnik\u016f. A tak s Japonci do konce 20. stolet\u00ed nebylo v Peru nijak zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 dob\u0159e zach\u00e1zeno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Navzdory tomu si Peru\u00e1nci v roce 1990 sami vybrali Japonce za prezidenta. Nav\u00edc ani mestice, ale \u010distokrevn\u00e9ho Japonce! Bylo to poprv\u00e9, co se Japonec stal prezidentem ciz\u00ed zem\u011b, a podruh\u00e9 se j\u00edm stal Asijec (prvn\u00edm byl \u010c\u00ed\u0148an <\/em>Arthur Chunga<\/strong> v Guyan\u011b).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00da\u0159adov\u00e1n\u00ed Alberta Fujimoriho v\u0161ak mimochodem, nebylo p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9. Proslavilo ho autorit\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a \u00faplatk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Stal se dikt\u00e1torem. Nakonec byl v roce 2000 p\u0159i n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b Japonska jednodu\u0161e sesazen. Pokusil se zachr\u00e1nit si svou politickou kari\u00e9ru, ale nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b – byl posl\u00e1n do v\u011bzen\u00ed na 25 let. I kdy\u017e byl propu\u0161t\u011bn do dom\u00e1c\u00edho v\u011bzen\u00ed, jeho osoba je siln\u011b kontroverzn\u00ed a Peru\u00e1nce toto t\u00e9ma nenech\u00e1v\u00e1 chladn\u00fdm. V sou\u010dasnosti jeho osoba ustoupila pon\u011bkud do pozad\u00ed, aby byla nahrazena jeho dcerou, kongresmankou Keiko Fujimori<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 bud\u00ed stejn\u011b siln\u00e9 emoce na obou stran\u00e1ch politick\u00e9ho spektra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mimochodem, v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed byla v Japonsku zm\u011bn\u011bna p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e1 legislativa t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se ob\u010danstv\u00ed. \u00da\u0159ady umo\u017enily ob\u010dan\u016fm japonsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu z jin\u00fdch zem\u00ed vr\u00e1tit se do sv\u00e9 historick\u00e9 vlasti. B\u011bhem t\u00e9to doby asi 60 tis\u00edc takov\u00fdch lid\u00ed opustilo Peru a p\u0159est\u011bhovalo se zp\u011bt do Japonska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mnoz\u00ed z nich tam p\u0159irozen\u011b nikdy nebyli a narodili se v Peru. Nav\u00edc ne v\u0161ichni navr\u00e1tilci byli \u010distokrevn\u00ed Japonci, mnoz\u00ed z nich byli mestici. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee ot\u00e1zka \u201eetnick\u00e9 kvality\u201c a mono-etnick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu je pro japonsk\u00e9 org\u00e1ny velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, je to velk\u00fd krok k politick\u00e9 korektnosti. Historie se tu mo\u017en\u00e1 tak \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b opakuje, i kdy\u017e opa\u010dn\u00fdm sm\u011brem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mnoz\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee po dobu 10 let byl prezidentem latinskoamerick\u00e9 zem\u011b Peru ob\u010dan japonsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu – Alberto Fujimori (alias Alberto Kenya Fujimori). Nav\u00edc to byl \u010distokrevn\u00fd Japonec, kter\u00fd se narodil v rodin\u011b \u010distokrevn\u00fdch Japonc\u016f. Dok\u00e1\u017eete si to p\u0159edstavit u n\u00e1s? Nebo v N\u011bmecku \u010di velik\u00e9m Rusku? Nebo ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii? T\u011b\u017eko.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3707,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[196,5,4,108],"class_list":["post-3705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","tag-imigrace","tag-jizni-amerika","tag-peru","tag-politika"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.6","language":"es","enabled_languages":["cz","es"],"languages":{"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3705","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3705"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3705\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3709,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3705\/revisions\/3709"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3707"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3705"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3705"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3705"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}