{"id":4229,"date":"2022-08-06T00:10:00","date_gmt":"2022-08-05T22:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/?p=4229"},"modified":"2022-08-02T12:31:12","modified_gmt":"2022-08-02T10:31:12","slug":"poodhalime-tajemstvi-puma-punku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/2022\/08\/06\/poodhalime-tajemstvi-puma-punku\/","title":{"rendered":"Poodhal\u00edme tajemstv\u00ed Puma Punku?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>Dnes vy\u0161plh\u00e1me vysoko do And a pod\u00edv\u00e1me se na starod\u00e1vnou stavbu, kter\u00e1 byla zahalena tolika z\u00e1hadami popkultury jako kter\u00e1koli jin\u00e1 na Zemi: Puma Punku, kamennou stavbu, kter\u00e1 je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho Tiwanaku. Puma Punku, co\u017e v&nbsp;p\u0159ekladu znamen\u00e1 Doorway of the Puma, je zn\u00e1m\u00e9 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro sv\u00e9 masivn\u00ed kameny a pro mimo\u0159\u00e1dnou p\u0159esnost jejich \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed a um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed. Je to jedno z&nbsp;t\u011bch m\u00edst, kde jste pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b mnohokr\u00e1t sly\u0161eli, \u017ee kameny jsou tak t\u011bsn\u011b usazen\u00e9, \u017ee mezi n\u011b nelze vlo\u017eit \u010depel no\u017ee. Kv\u016fli t\u011bmto rys\u016fm je Puma Punku \u010dasto citov\u00e1no jako d\u016fkaz, \u017ee Zemi nav\u0161t\u00edvili mimozem\u0161\u0165an\u00e9, Atlan\u0165an\u00e9 nebo jin\u00ed m\u00fdti\u010dt\u00ed lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed v&nbsp;kamenictv\u00ed ne\u017e lid\u00e9.<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tiwanaku je v&nbsp;Bol\u00edvii, v&nbsp;povod\u00ed Titicaca, asi 10 kilometr\u016f od velk\u00e9ho jezera Titicaca. Povod\u00ed Titicaca je vysok\u00e9; 3&nbsp;800 metr\u016f (12&nbsp;500 stop) nad mo\u0159em. Polovina je v&nbsp;Peru a polovina v&nbsp;Bol\u00edvii a p\u0159\u00edmo na hranici le\u017e\u00ed jezero Titicaca. Je to v&nbsp;rozlehl\u00e9 oblasti poho\u0159\u00ed And zvan\u00e9 Altiplano, neboli \u201evysok\u00e1 planina\u201c, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed takov\u00e1 planina mimo Himal\u00e1je. Kultura Tiwanaku p\u0159edch\u00e1zela Inky a jejich historie je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b z&nbsp;archeologie, proto\u017ee nem\u011bli \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd psan\u00fd jazyk, kter\u00fd zn\u00e1me. Nejstar\u0161\u00ed d\u016fkazy o os\u00eddlen\u00ed poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z&nbsp;doby kolem roku 400 p\u0159ed na\u0161\u00edm letopo\u010dtem, ale kultura Tiwanaku se skute\u010dn\u011b rozvinula a\u017e kolem roku 500 na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu. Na jeho vrcholu \u017eilo v&nbsp;m\u00edst\u011b Tiwanaku a jeho okol\u00ed 400&nbsp;000 lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se soust\u0159edili kolem Puma Punku a dal\u0161\u00edch d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch staveb. Obchod a zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed vzkv\u00e9taly. Hospoda\u0159en\u00ed se prov\u00e1d\u011blo na vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch pol\u00edch se zavla\u017eovac\u00edmi syst\u00e9my mezi nimi. Desetilet\u00ed sucha zas\u00e1hla kolem roku 1000 na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu a m\u011bsto Tiwanaku bylo opu\u0161t\u011bno a jeho lid\u00e9 a kultura se rozplynuly v&nbsp;okoln\u00edch hor\u00e1ch. O p\u011bt stolet\u00ed pozd\u011bji se rozvinula kultura Ink\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/puma-punku-73.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4236\" width=\"908\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/puma-punku-73.jpg 800w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/puma-punku-73-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/puma-punku-73-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 908px) 100vw, 908px\" \/><figcaption>Puma Punku. Zdroj: internet<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tak\u017ee v&nbsp;kontextu Tiwanaku nen\u00ed Puma Punku tak v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9. Li\u0161\u00ed se v\u0161ak od ostatn\u00edch struktur v&nbsp;Tiwanaku v&nbsp;tom, \u017ee mnoh\u00e9 z&nbsp;blok\u016f jsou tvarov\u00e1ny do velmi slo\u017eit\u00fdch geometri\u00ed. Existuje nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0159ada blok\u016f ve tvaru H, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 80 ploch; a v\u0161echny k&nbsp;sob\u011b pasuj\u00ed s&nbsp;velkou p\u0159esnost\u00ed. Kameny Puma Punku nazna\u010duj\u00ed prefabrikaci, kter\u00e1 se na jin\u00fdch m\u00edstech Tiwanaku nenach\u00e1z\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho byly n\u011bkter\u00e9 kameny dr\u017eeny pohromad\u011b m\u011bd\u011bn\u00fdmi spojovac\u00edmi prvky, z&nbsp;nich\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 byly vytlu\u010deny za studena do tvaru a jin\u00e9 byly nality na m\u00edsto roztaven\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kv\u016fli slo\u017eitosti a pravidelnosti mnoha kamenn\u00fdch forem Puma Punku \u0159ada autor\u016f navrhla, \u017ee to v\u016fbec nejsou kameny, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e beton, kter\u00fd byl odlit do forem. Nem\u00e1me \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy o tom, \u017ee by takov\u00e1 technologie byla zn\u00e1ma p\u0159edinck\u00fdm kultur\u00e1m, ale to nedokazuje, \u017ee tomu tak nebylo. Co lze dok\u00e1zat a dok\u00e1zat docela snadno, je, \u017ee v&nbsp;Puma Punku ani nikde jinde v&nbsp;Tiwanaku nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd beton.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Na rozd\u00edl od p\u0159edpoklad\u016f paranormalist\u016f jsou modern\u00ed geologov\u00e9 ve skute\u010dnosti docela schopni rozeznat horninu od betonu. Petrografick\u00e9 a chemick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy jsou pom\u011brn\u011b trivi\u00e1ln\u00ed, a dokonce n\u00e1m umo\u017enily p\u0159esn\u011b ur\u010dit, kde byly horniny t\u011b\u017eeny. Velk\u00e9 bloky Puma Punku jsou oby\u010dejn\u00fd \u010derven\u00fd p\u00edskovec, kter\u00fd se t\u011b\u017eil asi 10 kilometr\u016f daleko.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/PHnk9kpTURBXy9kNGI0ZDAyOGQzZWZhMGU0OTg0NzA0ZTkzZWNjMmJkNy5qcGealQLNAxQAwsOVAgDNAvjCw5QGzP_M_8z_lAbM_8z_zP-UBsz_zP_M_5QGzP_M_8z_lAbM_8z_zP-UBsz_zP_M_5QGzP_M_8z_lAbM_8z_zP-BoTAB.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4232\" width=\"916\" height=\"587\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/PHnk9kpTURBXy9kNGI0ZDAyOGQzZWZhMGU0OTg0NzA0ZTkzZWNjMmJkNy5qcGealQLNAxQAwsOVAgDNAvjCw5QGzP_M_8z_lAbM_8z_zP-UBsz_zP_M_5QGzP_M_8z_lAbM_8z_zP-UBsz_zP_M_5QGzP_M_8z_lAbM_8z_zP-BoTAB.jpg 788w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/PHnk9kpTURBXy9kNGI0ZDAyOGQzZWZhMGU0OTg0NzA0ZTkzZWNjMmJkNy5qcGealQLNAxQAwsOVAgDNAvjCw5QGzP_M_8z_lAbM_8z_zP-UBsz_zP_M_5QGzP_M_8z_lAbM_8z_zP-UBsz_zP_M_5QGzP_M_8z_lAbM_8z_zP-BoTAB-300x192.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/PHnk9kpTURBXy9kNGI0ZDAyOGQzZWZhMGU0OTg0NzA0ZTkzZWNjMmJkNy5qcGealQLNAxQAwsOVAgDNAvjCw5QGzP_M_8z_lAbM_8z_zP-UBsz_zP_M_5QGzP_M_8z_lAbM_8z_zP-UBsz_zP_M_5QGzP_M_8z_lAbM_8z_zP-BoTAB-768x492.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 916px) 100vw, 916px\" \/><figcaption>Puma Punku. Zdroj: internet<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mnoho men\u0161\u00edch kamen\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b nejzdobn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a n\u011bkter\u00fdch obkladov\u00fdch kamen\u016f, jsou z&nbsp;vyv\u0159el\u00e9ho andezitu a poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z&nbsp;lomu na b\u0159ehu jezera Titicaca, vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho asi 90 kilometr\u016f. Tyto men\u0161\u00ed kameny mohly b\u00fdt p\u0159evezeny p\u0159es jezero r\u00e1kosov\u00fdm \u010dlunem a pot\u00e9 ta\u017eeny po zemi zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch 10 kilometr\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hodn\u011b se \u010dasto vyr\u00e1b\u00ed z&nbsp;obrovsk\u00e9 velikosti a hmotnosti kamen\u016f Puma Punku, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e paranorm\u00e1ln\u00ed webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky je b\u011b\u017en\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed a\u017e do 440 tun (Televizn\u00ed Ancient Aliens dos\u00e1hli a\u017e 800 tun!). Puma Punku skute\u010dn\u011b obsahuje nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed jednotliv\u00fd k\u00e1men nalezen\u00fd na jak\u00e9mkoli m\u00edst\u011b Tiwanaku a je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jeho Plataforma L\u00edtica, neboli kamenn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny. P\u0159ijat\u00fd odhad hmotnosti tohoto kusu \u010derven\u00e9ho p\u00edskovce je 131 metrick\u00fdch tun, co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 144 americk\u00fdm tun\u00e1m. Druh\u00fd nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed blok m\u00e1 pouh\u00fdch 85 metrick\u00fdch tun a zbytek odtud prudce kles\u00e1. Naprost\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina stavebn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu v&nbsp;Puma Punku se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z&nbsp;relativn\u011b mal\u00fdch kamen\u016f, se kter\u00fdmi se snadno manipuluje, i kdy\u017e mnoh\u00e9 z&nbsp;nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch jsou megalitick\u00e9. Absurdn\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla jako 440 tun poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z&nbsp;mnohem d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch odhad\u016f a ji\u017e d\u00e1vno byla opravena.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"982\" height=\"529\" src=\"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/4ba4ba4c0c549f7da99fd82b081684ee.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4233\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/4ba4ba4c0c549f7da99fd82b081684ee.jpg 982w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/4ba4ba4c0c549f7da99fd82b081684ee-300x162.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/4ba4ba4c0c549f7da99fd82b081684ee-768x414.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 982px) 100vw, 982px\" \/><figcaption>Puma Punku. Zdroj: internet<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Netvrd\u00edme, \u017ee v\u00edme, jak bylo v&nbsp;Puma Punku provedeno zved\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch b\u0159emen a n\u00e1dhern\u00e9 zdivo, ale to je daleko od tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee v\u011b\u0159\u00edme, \u017ee Tiwanaku toho nebyli schopni. Jednodu\u0161e nem\u00e1me z\u00e1znam o tom, kter\u00e9 z&nbsp;mnoha mo\u017en\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f a technik pou\u017eili. Po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b jsou uk\u00e1zky kamenictv\u00ed z&nbsp;doby, kter\u00e1 je stejn\u011b p\u016fsobiv\u00e1. Nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0159eck\u00fd Parthenon byl postaven tis\u00edc let p\u0159ed Puma Punku, a p\u0159esto se nikdo nedovol\u00e1v\u00e1 mimozem\u0161\u0165an\u016f jako jedin\u00e9ho vysv\u011btlen\u00ed jeho skv\u011bl\u00e9 kr\u00e1sy a dekorativn\u00edch detail\u016f, kter\u00e9 v\u00edce ne\u017e soupe\u0159\u00ed s&nbsp;\u00fahly a \u0159ezy Puma Punku. P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ve stejnou dobu postavili Per\u0161an\u00e9 Persepolis s&nbsp;jeho vynikaj\u00edc\u00edm pal\u00e1cem Darius, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 detaily, kter\u00e9 jsou vysoce srovnateln\u00e9 s&nbsp;Puma Punku. Kamen\u00edci v&nbsp;Indii vy\u0159ezali jeskyn\u011b Udayagiri megalitick\u00fdmi dve\u0159mi, kter\u00e9 jsou velmi podobn\u00e9 t\u011bm v&nbsp;Puma Punku. Tiwanaku odvedlo velkolepou pr\u00e1ci, ale v&nbsp;\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nebylo nevysv\u011btliteln\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e to, co lze nal\u00e9zt v&nbsp;cel\u00e9m starov\u011bk\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Je zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159ivol\u00e1vat mimozem\u0161\u0165any, aby vysv\u011btlili struktury.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee kdy\u017e na internetu vyhled\u00e1te Puma Punku, najdete jej t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161eobecn\u011b a zcela n\u00e1hodn\u011b, ozna\u010dovan\u00fd jako \u201ep\u0159\u00edstav\u201c. Alespo\u0148 tak se tomu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 na paranorm\u00e1ln\u00edch webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed drtivou v\u011bt\u0161inu informac\u00ed Puma Punku na internetu. Ve skute\u010dnosti to nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstav a nikdy to nebyl. Pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kdo d\u011bl\u00e1 i ten nejz\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum nebo nav\u0161t\u011bvuje tuto oblast, je to docela bizarn\u00ed tvrzen\u00ed, vezmeme-li v&nbsp;\u00favahu, \u017ee Puma Punku bylo uprost\u0159ed obrovsk\u00e9ho zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda se 400&nbsp;000 lidmi. Ani stavby Tiwanaku nejsou v&nbsp;lokalit\u00e1ch, kde by mohly slou\u017eit jako p\u0159\u00edstav. Puma Punku je jen jednou z&nbsp;n\u011bkolika stup\u0148ovit\u00fdch plo\u0161inov\u00fdch konstrukc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly vykop\u00e1ny v&nbsp;Tiwanaku. Mezi ostatn\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed Akapana, Akapana East, Kalasasaya, Putuni a Semi-subterranean Temple. Kdy\u017e se na n\u011b pod\u00edv\u00e1te shora, jsou to prost\u011b \u010dtvercov\u00e9 ohrady roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 po cel\u00e9 oblasti. Pokud si p\u0159edstav\u00edte, \u017ee oblast zapl\u0148uje voda \u2013 p\u0159edst\u00edrejme, \u017ee je dostate\u010dn\u011b vysok\u00e1, aby pokryla zem, ale ne samotn\u00e9 ohrady \u2013 pak by ka\u017ed\u00fd z&nbsp;t\u011bchto \u201ep\u0159\u00edstav\u016f\u201c byl ostrovem s\u00e1m pro sebe, uprost\u0159ed mo\u0159e vody po kolena, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 m\u011blk\u00e9 na to, aby se dalo splavit. . (To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee krom\u011b polopodzemn\u00edho chr\u00e1mu, kter\u00fd by byl zapu\u0161t\u011bn do zem\u011b, byl by pod vodou.)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/fb73082669a2bcf1eb25964c9bf8a77e.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/fb73082669a2bcf1eb25964c9bf8a77e.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/fb73082669a2bcf1eb25964c9bf8a77e-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/fb73082669a2bcf1eb25964c9bf8a77e-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption>Puma Punku. Zdroj: internet<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ale i tento imagin\u00e1rn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee by jezero mohlo n\u011bkdy dos\u00e1hnout Tiwanaku. To nejde. Altiplano je rozlehl\u00e1 sva\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed se rovina a m\u00edsto, kde se jezero Titicaca rozl\u00e9v\u00e1 z&nbsp;okraje do sv\u00e9ho jedin\u00e9ho v\u00fdtoku, R\u00edo Desaguadero, je asi 30 metr\u016f podnadmo\u0159sk\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka Tiwanaku. Bylo tomu tak v\u017edy? Alespo\u0148 od posledn\u00ed doby ledov\u00e9 ano. Vzhledem k&nbsp;tomu, \u017ee sediment na dn\u011b jezera se hromad\u00ed asi 25&nbsp;000 let, je to jedno z&nbsp;nejlep\u0161\u00edch m\u00edst, kde lze z\u00edskat \u00fadaje o historii klimatu Zem\u011b, a proto byl rozs\u00e1hle studov\u00e1n. Paleohydrologie jezera Titicaca je d\u016fkladn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e1. V&nbsp;sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je voda na \u00farovni p\u0159epadu. Tato hladina kol\u00edsala v&nbsp;minul\u00e9m stolet\u00ed asi o 5 metr\u016f.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u011bhem posledn\u00edch 4000 let klesla b\u011bhem obdob\u00ed sucha a\u017e o 20 metr\u016f. Maximum, jak\u00e9 kdy bylo, je asi 7 metr\u016f nad \u00farovn\u00ed p\u0159elivu, co\u017e by st\u00e1le lokalizovalo b\u0159eh mnoho kilometr\u016f od p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed a farem Tiwanaku.V\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bch sam\u00fdch paranorm\u00e1ln\u00edch zdroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 odkazuj\u00ed na Puma Punku jako na p\u0159\u00edstav, tak\u00e9 uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee pod\u00e9l okoln\u00edch kopc\u016f je st\u00e1le vid\u011bt starobyl\u00e9 pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed, i kdy\u017e naklon\u011bno v&nbsp;podivn\u00e9m \u00fahlu. Hladiny starov\u011bk\u00fdch jezer jsou \u010dasto vid\u011bt takov\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem \u2013 jsou docela v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 v&nbsp;cel\u00e9m Death Valley, kam \u010dasto jezd\u00edm, nap\u0159\u00edklad. Pro jezero Titicaca to ale nem\u00e1 smysl. Jezero by se rozlilo z&nbsp;okraje pl\u00e1n\u011b d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e by se mohlo dostat tak vysoko jako Tiwanaku; a v&nbsp;t\u00e9 dob\u011b rozhodn\u011b neprob\u011bhla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 tektonick\u00e1 aktivita, kter\u00e1 by mohla naklonit kopce nebo z\u00e1hadn\u011b naklonit kopce, a p\u0159esto nechala strukturu Tiwanaku na \u00farovni.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"677\" src=\"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Puma-Punku-18-1024x677.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4235\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Puma-Punku-18-1024x677.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Puma-Punku-18-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Puma-Punku-18-768x508.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Puma-Punku-18.jpg 1032w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Puma Punku. Zdroj: internet<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A kone\u010dn\u011b je\u0161t\u011b jeden prvek v&nbsp;Puma Punku pr\u00fd archeology zm\u00e1tl: vy\u0159ez\u00e1van\u00e9 postavy, kter\u00e9 \u00fadajn\u011b p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9ho slona zvan\u00e9ho Cuvieronius a kopytnat\u00e9ho savce zvan\u00e9ho toxodon. Oba vyhynuli v&nbsp;regionu asi p\u0159ed 15&nbsp;000 lety, a tak n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed paranormalist\u00e9 datovali Puma Punku na 15&nbsp;000 let, zjevn\u011b pouze na z\u00e1klad\u011b tohoto. Kdy\u017e usly\u0161\u00edte, \u017ee je tam vytes\u00e1n slon, ur\u010dit\u011b v\u00e1s to pozastav\u00ed, proto\u017ee slona je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 si spl\u00e9st. Kdy\u017e se v\u0161ak pod\u00edv\u00e1te na obr\u00e1zek toho, o \u010dem se tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee je slon, to bude m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9. Um\u011bn\u00ed Tiwanaku bylo vysoce stylizovan\u00e9, podobn\u011b jako to, co jsme zvykl\u00ed v\u00eddat od May\u016f nebo Azt\u00e9k\u016f. Jsou to ve skute\u010dnosti hlavy dvou chocholat\u00fdch kondor\u016f andsk\u00fdch proti sob\u011b od krku ke krku a jejich krky a h\u0159ebeny tvo\u0159\u00ed to, co n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159irovn\u00e1vaj\u00ed k&nbsp;kly a u\u0161ima slon\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159e. Podobu toxodonu zn\u00e1me pouze z&nbsp;hrub\u00fdch n\u00e1\u010drt\u016f sochy objeven\u00e9 v&nbsp;roce 1934, jde tedy o kresbu nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho d\u016fkazu um\u011blcovy interpretace nezn\u00e1m\u00e9ho t\u00e9matu. P\u0159ipad\u00e1 mi to jako generick\u00fd \u010dty\u0159no\u017eec. Prase, pes, krysa, toxodon, jmenujte to.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tak\u017ee op\u011bt m\u00e1me \u00fasp\u011bch starov\u011bk\u00fdch \u0159emesln\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 se n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed paranormalist\u00e9 pokou\u0161eli zdiskreditovat t\u00edm, \u017ee jejich pr\u00e1ci p\u0159ipisovali mimozem\u0161\u0165an\u016fm. To nen\u00ed jen iracion\u00e1ln\u00ed, je to i neslu\u010diteln\u00fd z\u00e1v\u011br, kter\u00fd lze z&nbsp;pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed vyvodit. V\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed nev\u00ed, jak slo\u017eit\u011b \u0159ezat kameny, proto\u017ee to jsou dovednosti, kter\u00e9 jsme dlouho nepot\u0159ebovali \u2013 u\u017e dlouhou dobu m\u00e1me jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby, jak vytvo\u0159it lep\u0161\u00ed struktury. Ale tento argument z&nbsp;neznalosti \u2013 \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b proto, \u017ee to neum\u00edme ud\u011blat, na to nikdo jin\u00fd nemohl p\u0159ij\u00edt \u2013 je nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed. Jednodu\u0161e \u0159ekn\u011bte, \u017ee nev\u00edte, m\u00edsto toho, abyste vyvolali mimozem\u0161\u0165any. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To nen\u00ed jen pravda, ale p\u0159esn\u011b reprezentuje dosavadn\u00ed poznatky v\u011bdy<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dnes vy\u0161plh\u00e1me vysoko do And a pod\u00edv\u00e1me se na starod\u00e1vnou stavbu, kter\u00e1 byla zahalena tolika z\u00e1hadami popkultury jako kter\u00e1koli jin\u00e1 na Zemi: Puma Punku, kamennou stavbu, kter\u00e1 je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho Tiwanaku. Puma Punku, co\u017e v&nbsp;p\u0159ekladu znamen\u00e1 Doorway of the Puma, je zn\u00e1m\u00e9 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro sv\u00e9 masivn\u00ed kameny a pro mimo\u0159\u00e1dnou p\u0159esnost jejich \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed a um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4230,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4229","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archeologie"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.6","language":"es","enabled_languages":["cz","es"],"languages":{"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4229","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4229"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4229\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4239,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4229\/revisions\/4239"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4230"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4229"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4229"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4229"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}