{"id":4977,"date":"2024-07-19T00:21:11","date_gmt":"2024-07-18T22:21:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/?p=4977"},"modified":"2024-07-20T02:23:15","modified_gmt":"2024-07-20T00:23:15","slug":"staroveke-mumie-nalezene-v-peru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/2024\/07\/19\/staroveke-mumie-nalezene-v-peru\/","title":{"rendered":"Starov\u011bk\u00e9 mumie nalezen\u00e9 v Peru"},"content":{"rendered":"

V Peru jsou \u010dasto b\u011bhem archeologick\u00fdch vykop\u00e1vek nalezeny starov\u011bk\u00e9 mumie, jejich\u017e v\u011bk p\u0159esahuje 1000 let.<\/strong>
\nNa p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed peru\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta byl objeven obrovsk\u00fd h\u0159bitov, pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed do civilizace Ink\u016f. Odborn\u00edci tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee v\u0161echny mumie jsou dokonale zachov\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n

V jedn\u00e9 z hrobek byly i poz\u016fstatky d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9, jak \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed v\u011bdci, byly ob\u011btov\u00e1ny boh\u016fm. Existuj\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich byly poh\u0159beny \u017eiv\u00e9 v krypt\u011b. Nyn\u00ed odborn\u00edci mus\u00ed ur\u010dit, do kter\u00e9 kultury nebo civilizace pat\u0159\u00ed tyto archeologick\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy.
\nSnad nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed poh\u0159eb byl nalezen v roce 2002. Tis\u00edce starobyl\u00fdch inck\u00fdch mumi\u00ed, z nich\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 jsou v jednom hrobu, spolu s jejich v\u011bcmi, byly nalezeny pod kas\u00e1rnami u Limy.<\/p>\n

Jeden z nalezen\u00fdch hrob\u016f obsahoval asi 135 kg surov\u00e9 bavlny, t\u011bla vlivn\u00e9ho Inky a d\u00edt\u011bte, a bylo zde tak\u00e9 asi 70 dom\u00e1c\u00edch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b j\u00eddla, n\u00e1dob\u00ed, k\u016f\u017ee zv\u00ed\u0159at a kuku\u0159i\u010dn\u00fdch jader, zpracovan\u00e9 takov\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, \u017ee by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it n\u00e1poj chicha.<\/p>\n

Podle archeolog\u016f pat\u0159\u00ed v\u0161echny mumie do obdob\u00ed mezi lety 1480 a 1535, a m\u00edsto samo o sob\u011b bylo z\u0159ejm\u011b centr\u00e1ln\u00edm inck\u00fdm h\u0159bitovem, \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, kter\u00e1 zde vl\u00e1dla p\u0159ed \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00fdm dobyt\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Bylo z\u00edsk\u00e1no v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 tis\u00edc artefakt\u016f. Mumie pat\u0159ily mezi z\u00e1stupce elity starov\u011bk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti – na hlav\u00e1ch jsou st\u00e1le zachov\u00e1ny majest\u00e1tn\u00ed ornamenty z pe\u0159\u00ed. Jedine\u010dnost nalezen\u00e9ho poh\u0159bu spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee tak velk\u00fd po\u010det mumi\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee sledovat \u017eivot r\u016fzn\u00fdch soci\u00e1ln\u00edch skupin r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u011bkov\u00fdch skupin \u2013 jsou zde tak\u00e9 velmi chud\u00ed lid\u00e9 i extr\u00e9mn\u011b bohat\u00ed novorozenci, a lid\u00e9 ve star\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed objev, kter\u00fd se uskute\u010dnil v \u00fanoru 2004 v Peru, se stal archeologickou senzac\u00ed. V provincii Islay na jihu zem\u011b, b\u011bhem zemn\u00edch prac\u00ed na jedn\u00e9 z vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol, pracovn\u00edci narazili na mumie mu\u017ee a chlapce, kte\u0159\u00ed byli poh\u0159beni v roce 1300.<\/p>\n

Podle v\u011bdc\u016f bylo mu\u017ei asi 35 let a d\u00edt\u011bti bylo asi p\u011bt. Zem\u0159eli p\u0159irozenou smrt\u00ed, a byli poh\u0159beni v samostatn\u00fdch hrobech v hloubce 3 metry. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee toto m\u00edsto bylo tak\u00e9 kdysi h\u0159bitovem.<\/p>\n

V souladu se zvyky t\u00e9 doby bylo ka\u017ed\u00e9 z t\u011bl zabaleno do \u010derven\u00e9ho a modr\u00e9ho vln\u011bn\u00e9ho pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b, a sv\u00e1z\u00e1no lanem. V oble\u010den\u00ed mu\u017ee na\u0161li archeologov\u00e9 poz\u016fstatky zrn z obil\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako pytl\u00edk semen, p\u0159ipojen\u00fdch k p\u00e1su, co\u017e nazna\u010duje jejich rolnick\u00fd p\u016fvod.<\/p>\n

Ale nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee ob\u011b mumie byly ve v\u00fdborn\u00e9m stavu. Mu\u017e m\u011bl dokonce jedno oko, kter\u00e9 bylo otev\u0159en\u00e9, co\u017e mnoho stavebn\u00edch d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f pod\u011bsilo, kdy\u017e vid\u011bli, \u017ee mrtv\u00fd mu\u017e se na n\u011b d\u00edv\u00e1 z d\u00e1vn\u00e9 minul\u00e9 \u00e9ry. A p\u0159i dal\u0161\u00edm vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee nejen vnit\u0159n\u00ed org\u00e1ny \u010dlov\u011bka, ale dokonce jeho subkut\u00e1nn\u00ed tukov\u00e9 z\u00e1soby, p\u0159e\u017eily stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

S podobn\u00fdm jevem v Peru, kde se v posledn\u00edch letech objevily mnoh\u00e9 mumie pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed do kultury Ink\u016f, se v\u011bdci dosud nesetkali. Stav Ink\u016f v ji\u017en\u00ed Americe existoval ji\u017e n\u011bkolik stolet\u00ed a byl ukon\u010den \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00fdmi dobyvateli v \u0161estn\u00e1ct\u00e9m stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Senza\u010dn\u00ed objev byl vystaven v N\u00e1rodn\u00edm kulturn\u00edm institutu na pouh\u00fdch 30 minut. Jednou z ot\u00e1zek, na kter\u00e9 chyb\u00ed odpov\u011bdi, je, pro\u010d jsou tyto dv\u011b mumie, na rozd\u00edl od ostatn\u00edch v Peru, tak dob\u0159e zachov\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1lezy nekon\u010d\u00ed. D\u011bln\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed v Lim\u011b instalovali plynovod, objevili v roce 2020 1800 let star\u00fd h\u0159bitov, a to pouh\u00fdch 40 cm pod povrchem. Objev byl u\u010din\u011bn na ulici ve \u010dtvrti Bre\u00f1a v centr\u00e1ln\u00ed oblasti Limy. Byly nalezeny poz\u016fstatky \u010dty\u0159 jedinc\u016f a 15 cel\u00fdch n\u00e1dob, pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed do kultur Lima nebo Moche, z doby 200 p\u0159. n. l. – 300 n. l.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V Peru jsou \u010dasto b\u011bhem archeologick\u00fdch vykop\u00e1vek nalezeny starov\u011bk\u00e9 mumie, jejich\u017e v\u011bk p\u0159esahuje 1000 let.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4879,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[34,7,13,4],"class_list":["post-4977","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archeologie","tag-archeologie","tag-historie","tag-inkove","tag-peru"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"es","enabled_languages":["cz","es"],"languages":{"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4977","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4977"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4977\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5110,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4977\/revisions\/5110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4879"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4977"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4977"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4977"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}