{"id":5087,"date":"2024-11-15T00:31:50","date_gmt":"2024-11-14T23:31:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/?p=5087"},"modified":"2024-10-28T23:40:18","modified_gmt":"2024-10-28T22:40:18","slug":"otec-teologie-osvobozeni-zemrel-ve-veku-96-let","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/2024\/11\/15\/otec-teologie-osvobozeni-zemrel-ve-veku-96-let\/","title":{"rendered":"Otec teologie osvobozen\u00ed zem\u0159el ve v\u011bku 96 let"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>V\u0161e za\u010dalo v&nbsp;roce 1968, kdy 40let\u00fd Gustavo Guti\u00e9rrez p\u016fsobil jako poradce shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed latinskoamerick\u00fdch biskup\u016f v&nbsp;Medell\u00ednu.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Pot\u00e9 napsal knihu, kter\u00e1 se zrodila jako sou\u010d\u00e1st t\u00e9to zku\u0161enosti a kter\u00e1 se p\u016fvodn\u011b jmenovala \u201eSm\u011brem k&nbsp;teologii rozvoje\u201c, ale nakonec se stala \u201eSm\u011brem k&nbsp;teologii osvobozen\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Kniha byla vyd\u00e1na v&nbsp;roce 1971 a dala tak jm\u00e9no tomu, co se stalo ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm impulsem po Druh\u00e9m vatik\u00e1nsk\u00e9m koncilu v&nbsp;latinskoamerick\u00e9 c\u00edrkvi.<\/p>\n<p>V&nbsp;roce 1983 tehdej\u0161\u00ed kardin\u00e1l Joseph Ratzinger, budouc\u00ed pape\u017e Benedikt XVI., napsal peru\u00e1nsk\u00fdm biskup\u016fm a po\u017e\u00e1dal je, aby Guti\u00e9rreze pro\u0161et\u0159ili. Ratzinger citoval n\u011bkolik \u00fadajn\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f v&nbsp;Guti\u00e9rrezov\u011b pr\u00e1ci, v\u010detn\u011b \u00fadajn\u011b marxistick\u00e9ho pohledu na historii, selektivn\u00edho \u010dten\u00ed Bible se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na hmotn\u00e9 vykoupen\u00ed a t\u0159\u00eddn\u011b \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9ho pojet\u00ed teologie.<\/p>\n<p>Biskupov\u00e9 byli rozd\u011bleni, ale zd\u00e1lo se, \u017ee jsou p\u0159ipraveni vyn\u00e9st n\u011bjak\u00fd negativn\u00ed verdikt, dokud na posledn\u00ed chv\u00edli nep\u0159i\u0161el z\u00e1sah legend\u00e1rn\u00edho n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho jezuitsk\u00e9ho teologa otce Karla Rahnera, pouh\u00e9 dva t\u00fddny p\u0159ed svou smrt\u00ed ve v\u011bku 80 let.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eJsem p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den o pravov\u011brnosti teologick\u00e9ho d\u00edla Gustava Guti\u00e9rreze,\u201c napsal Rahner. \u201eTeologie osvobozen\u00ed, kterou p\u0159edstavuje, je zcela ortodoxn\u00ed. Odsouzen\u00ed Gustava Guti\u00e9rreze by m\u011blo, jak jsem pln\u011b p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, velmi negativn\u00ed d\u016fsledky&#8230; Dnes existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u0161koly a tak tomu bylo v\u017edy&#8230; Bylo by politov\u00e1n\u00edhodn\u00e9, kdyby byl tento legitimn\u00ed pluralismus omezov\u00e1n administrativn\u00edmi prost\u0159edky.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Guti\u00e9rrez, kter\u00fd zem\u0159el 22.&nbsp;\u0159\u00edjna 2024 ve v\u011bku 96 let, byl ikonou latinskoamerick\u00e9ho katolicismu 20.&nbsp;stolet\u00ed a reakce pro nebo proti Guti\u00e9rrezov\u011b pr\u016fkopnick\u00e9 teologii ozna\u010dovaly hlavn\u00ed zlomov\u00e9 linie v&nbsp;c\u00edrkvi na kontinentu. Guti\u00e9rrez m\u011bl t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 20 \u010destn\u00fdch titul\u016f a zalo\u017eil Bartolom\u00e9 de Las Casas Institute v&nbsp;Lim\u011b, Peru. Za svou pr\u00e1ci pro lidskou d\u016fstojnost v&nbsp;Latinsk\u00e9 Americe byl v&nbsp;roce 1993 jmenov\u00e1n \u010dlenem francouzsk\u00e9 \u010cestn\u00e9 legie.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\u201eDouf\u00e1me, \u017ee brzy p\u0159ijde den, kdy p\u0159estane \u00fatlak, ned\u016fstojn\u00e1 a nespravedliv\u00e1 chudoba, ukrutn\u00e1 masov\u00e1 represe. Tehdy se stane teologie osvobozen\u00ed obsoletn\u00ed a pro tento den teologov\u00e9 osvobozen\u00ed pracuj\u00ed, i kdy\u017e pak budou nezam\u011bstnan\u00ed. Dokud v\u0161ak \u00fatlak trv\u00e1 \u2013 a statistiky dokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee Latinsk\u00e1 Amerika je st\u00e1le chud\u0161\u00ed \u2013 je teologie osvobozen\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 a nal\u00e9hav\u00e1. Je to jedin\u00e1 teologie, kter\u00e1 br\u00e1n\u00ed chud\u00e9 tohoto sv\u011bta, nebo je p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm jedin\u00e1, kter\u00e1 to \u010din\u00ed absolutn\u011b z\u00e1vazn\u011b.&#8221;<\/em> Jon Sobrino, 1991.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u0161e za\u010dalo v&nbsp;roce 1968, kdy 40let\u00fd Gustavo Guti\u00e9rrez p\u016fsobil jako poradce shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed latinskoamerick\u00fdch biskup\u016f v&nbsp;Medell\u00ednu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5089,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[5],"class_list":["post-5087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","tag-jizni-amerika"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.6","language":"es","enabled_languages":["cz","es"],"languages":{"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5087"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5087\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5097,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5087\/revisions\/5097"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5089"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}