{"id":5158,"date":"2025-01-17T00:51:28","date_gmt":"2025-01-16T23:51:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/?p=5158"},"modified":"2025-01-18T21:06:13","modified_gmt":"2025-01-18T20:06:13","slug":"v-mexiku-se-zhroutily-staroveke-pyramidy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/2025\/01\/17\/v-mexiku-se-zhroutily-staroveke-pyramidy\/","title":{"rendered":"V Mexiku se zhroutily starov\u011bk\u00e9 pyramidy"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u2026 pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 pro lidsk\u00e9 ob\u011bti<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ob\u011b nejstar\u0161\u00ed pyramidy v Mexiku, kter\u00e9 slou\u017eily jako m\u00edsto lidsk\u00fdch ob\u011bt\u00ed pro kmen Pur\u00e9pecha,<\/em> se \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b z\u0159\u00edtily po abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edch sr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1ch v povod\u00ed jezera Pur\u00e9pecha.<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u00edstn\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9, v\u010detn\u011b mnoha potomk\u016f kmene, jsou z toho, co se stalo, vyd\u011b\u0161en\u00ed a pova\u017euj\u00ed to za nadp\u0159irozen\u00e9 znamen\u00ed p\u0159ed bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edm se koncem sv\u011bta nebo alespo\u0148 velkou p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed katastrofou.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee jedna strana pyramid Yacata,<\/em> kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v archeologick\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b Ihuazio, Michoacan, byla 30. \u010dervence 2024 odplavena b\u011bhem siln\u00fdch de\u0161\u0165\u016f.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informace objas\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee tato pam\u00e1tka obst\u00e1la ve zkou\u0161ce \u010dasu v\u00edce ne\u017e tis\u00edc let. Pyramidy postavil kmen Pur\u00e9pecha,<\/em> zn\u00e1m\u00fd svou agresivn\u00ed povahou b\u011bhem zu\u0159iv\u00e9ho odporu v\u016f\u010di azt\u00e9ck\u00e9 civilizaci.<\/p>\n

P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee dv\u011b pyramidy Yacata byly d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdmi stavbami pro prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch praktik kmene, zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i ob\u011btech jejich hlavn\u00edmu bo\u017estvu zvan\u00e9mu Kurikveri. Kmen, kter\u00fd v t\u00e9to oblasti \u017eil 400 let p\u0159ed \u0161pan\u011blskou invaz\u00ed v roce 1519, m\u011bl siln\u00e9 duchovn\u00ed c\u00edt\u011bn\u00ed, a zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ctil tyto dv\u011b pyramidy.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Zhroucen\u00ed pyramidy vyvolalo znepokojen\u00ed mezi potomky kmene Pur\u00e9pecha, kte\u0159\u00ed si incident vykl\u00e1daj\u00ed jako \u0161patn\u00e9 znamen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Potomek kmene Purepecha \u00c1lvarez Tarjaquiri popisuje v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 obavy dokonce i z v\u00fdznamu abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edch sr\u00e1\u017eek, kter\u00e9 zas\u00e1hly region, a \u0159ekl: \u201eNa\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9, stavitel\u00e9 t\u011bchto pyramid, by to pova\u017eovali za \u0161patn\u00e9 znamen\u00ed, nebo alespo\u0148 za bl\u00edzkost n\u011bjak\u00e9 skute\u010dn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti. Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edchodem \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00fdch conquistador\u016f se stalo n\u011bco podobn\u00e9ho, co se podle tehdej\u0161\u00edho n\u00e1zoru Purepecha vysv\u011btlovalo t\u00edm, \u017ee bohov\u00e9 Nana Kuerhaepiri a Keri Kurikveri se zlobili.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed vydan\u00e9 ve st\u0159edu mexick\u00fdm N\u00e1rodn\u00edm institutem pro antropologii vysv\u011btlilo, \u017ee historick\u00e9 \u0161kody byly pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zp\u016fsobeny kombinac\u00ed siln\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017eek, kter\u00e9 prosakovaly trhlinami, a zranitelnosti kv\u016fli vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m a suchu. Kolaps zas\u00e1hl centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st ji\u017en\u00ed fas\u00e1dy pyramidy a po\u0161kodil nejm\u00e9n\u011b \u0161est stup\u0148\u016f stavby.<\/p>\n

Prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed podrobn\u011b popisuje snahy o posouzen\u00ed a n\u00e1pravu \u0161kod, a tak\u00e9 kritizuje modern\u00ed stavitele a restaur\u00e1tory, proto\u017ee p\u0159edchoz\u00ed metody restaurov\u00e1n\u00ed pouze p\u0159isp\u011bly k sou\u010dasn\u00e9 k\u0159ehkosti stavby:<\/p>\n

“Restaurov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fdm stavby pro\u0161ly v minulosti, pou\u017e\u00edvaly metody a materi\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 se dnes nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed z d\u016fvodu jejich negativn\u00edho vlivu na podm\u00ednky pro zachov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edkolumbovsk\u00fdch staveb.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Restaur\u00e1torsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce nebudou omezeny na opravu viditeln\u00fdch po\u0161kozen\u00ed, ale budou zahrnovat komplexn\u00ed z\u00e1sah ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed stability a konzervace stavby. To bude provedeno interdisciplin\u00e1rn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupem za pou\u017eit\u00ed modern\u00edch technik, kter\u00e9 nebyly pou\u017eity v p\u0159edchoz\u00edch stavb\u00e1ch, a kter\u00e9 se uk\u00e1zaly jako nedostate\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci se nyn\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed jak na obnovu po\u0161kozen\u00fdch oblast\u00ed, tak na zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9ho uchov\u00e1n\u00ed starov\u011bk\u00fdch pyramid. Kolaps nejen zd\u016fraznil zranitelnost t\u011bchto historick\u00fdch struktur, ale tak\u00e9 o\u017eivil tradi\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1zory mezi potomky kmene Pur\u00e9pecha.<\/p>\n

Incident, ke kter\u00e9mu do\u0161lo v noci na 29. \u010dervence 2024, nechal archeology i m\u00edstn\u00ed obyvatele p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let, zda st\u00e1le extr\u00e9mn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed neohro\u017euje kulturn\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0158\u00ed\u0161e Pur\u00e9pecha<\/strong><\/p>\n

Archeologick\u00e1 z\u00f3na Ihuatzio,<\/em> kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed n\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f ji\u017en\u011b od Tzintzuntzanu,<\/em> je m\u00edstem velk\u00e9ho historick\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu. Bylo jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch center \u0159\u00ed\u0161e Pur\u00e9pecha, civilizace, kter\u00e1 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b odol\u00e1vala dobyva\u010dn\u00fdm pokus\u016fm Azt\u00e9k\u016f a pozd\u011bji \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00fdch koloniz\u00e1tor\u016f. Pyramidy v Ihuatzio, postaven\u00e9 kolem 14. stolet\u00ed, byly pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny pro n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 ob\u0159ady a ritu\u00e1ly, v\u010detn\u011b lidsk\u00fdch ob\u011bt\u00ed zasv\u011bcen\u00fdch bo\u017estv\u016fm, jako je Curicaueri,<\/em> \u201eVelk\u00fd ohe\u0148\u201c.<\/p>\n

Obr. Ramiro Aguayo, INAH<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u2026 pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 pro lidsk\u00e9 ob\u011bti<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":712,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[34,62,222],"class_list":["post-5158","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archeologie","tag-archeologie","tag-aztekove","tag-stredni-amerika"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.6","language":"es","enabled_languages":["cz","es"],"languages":{"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5158","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5158"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5158\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5162,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5158\/revisions\/5162"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/712"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5158"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5158"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tom-stehule.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5158"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}